The Effects of Atmospheric Pressure Argon Plasma Treated Bovine Bone Substitute on Bone Regeneration

Abstract

This study was undertaken to compare new bone formation between non-expired and expired bovine-derived xenogeneic bone substitute (expired, out-of-use period) and to evaluate the efficacy of argon (Ar)-based atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) treatment on expired bone substitute in rat calvarial defect. The groups were divided into (1) Non/Expired group (Using regular xenografts), (2) Expired group (Using expired xenografts), and (3) Ar/Expired group (Using Ar-based APP treated expired xenografts). Surface observation and cell experiments were performed in vitro. Twelve rats were used for in vivo experiment and the bony defects were created on the middle of the cranium. The bone substitute of each group was implanted into the defective site. After 4 weeks, all the rats were sacrificed, and the volumetric, histologic, and histometric analyses were performed. In the results of osteogenic differentiation and mineralization, Non/Expired and Ar/Expired groups were significantly higher than Expired group (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between groups in the animal study (p > 0.05). Within the limitations of this study, the surface treatment of Ar-based APP has a potential effect on the surface modification of bone grafts. However, there was no significant difference in bone regeneration ability between groups in vivo; thus, studies on APP to enhance bone regeneration should be carried out in the future.

Effect of Non-Thermal Atmospheric Pressure Plasma (NTP) and Zirconia Primer Treatment on Shear Bond Strength between Y-TZP and Resin Cement

“…After an ionized gas molecule is exposed to air, it reacts with atmospheric oxygen or water, generating OH and O radicals [ 41 ]. Especially, argon gas used in this study has low metastable states [ 27 , 40 ], so it can form OH radicals at relatively low energy [ 42 ]. However, in the previous study, the SBS values were lower in the group treated with zirconia only with NTP compared to the group treated with zirconia only with sandblasting [ 34 ].…”