The effects of battlefield contaminants on PEMFC performance

Moore, Jon M.; Adcock, Paul; Lakeman, J.B.; Mepsted, Gary O.

doi:10.1016/s0378-7753(99)00341-9

Cited by 169 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

129

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…For the results reported by Moore et al, 20 the maximum cell performance decay with 0.5 ppm SO 2 (0.05 A/cm 2 and 0.5 h duration) was found to be on the trend line for this study (indicated by ). In contrast, the values for maximum cell performance decay ratio reported by Mohtadi et al 21 ( and ), Jing et al 22 ( ), and Nagahara et al…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

“…It has been reported that the emissions from ICEs contain 4 ppm of SO CO. 20 For example, Moore et al 20 analyzed the impurity effect of SO 2 , NO 2 , and CO at fixed concentrations of 500 ppb, 400 ppb, and 20 ppm, respectively. Van Zee's group 21 reported more severe degradation with higher concentration of SO 2 (5 ppm) and NO 2 (5 ppm) in air.…”

Section: 5mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…27,36,37 However, when CO was introduced in the air feed to cathodes, the voltage decrease by CO poisoning was found to be very small (Figure 6(a)), which is in agreement with results at 20 ppm CO reported previously. 20 Accordingly, the performance decay ratio was very low, demonstrating that the effect of CO in air feed is practically negligible (Figure 6(b)). …”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Systematic Analysis for the Effects of Atmospheric Pollutants in Cathode Feed on the Performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Yoon

Choi

Lee³

et al. 2014

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper describes how primary contaminants in ambient air affect the performance of the cathode in fuel cell electric vehicle applications. The effect of four atmospheric pollutants (SO 2 , NH 3 , NO 2 , and CO) on cathode performance was investigated by air impurity injection and recovery test under load. Electrochemical analysis via polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was performed for various concentrations of contaminants during the impurity test in order to determine the origins of performance decay. The variation in cell voltage derived empirically in this study and data reported in the literature were normalized and juxtaposed to elucidate the relationship between impurity concentration and performance. Mechanisms of cathode degradation by air impurities were discussed in light of the findings.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: 5mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 96%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Systematic Analysis for the Effects of Atmospheric Pollutants in Cathode Feed on the Performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Yoon

Choi

Lee³

et al. 2014

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For instance, open-cathode PEFCs have to survive under a range of atmospheric compositions which can include sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and ionic contamination, as well as fuel impurities that can all potentially cause irreversible damage to the PEFC [1]. The list of critical contaminants is much longer if we also consider the effects of battlefield gases for military applications [2]. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a powerful technique that can be applied in-situ for diagnosis of the PEFC performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Electrical Circuit for Performance Analysis of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Stacks Using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy

Cruz-Manzo

Chen

2013

J. Electrochem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, a new electrical equivalent circuit is developed to evaluate the performance of polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) stacks using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Experimental EIS measurements were carried out in an open-cathode PEFC stack to validate the new electrical equivalent circuit. The electrical equivalent circuit developed in the authors’ previous study, which simulates the impedance response of a single PEFC, is applied to EIS measurements carried out in the open-cathode PEFC stack. However, it cannot reproduce EIS measurements with positive imaginary components at low frequencies. Thus, in this study, the electrical equivalent circuit is modified by adding electrical components which represent intermediate adsorbed species in a two-step electrochemical reaction as reported in the literature. The results show that the new electrical equivalent circuit can accurately reproduce the experimental EIS measurements and can give an insight into the factors that limit the performance of the PEFC stack. This new electrical equivalent circuit can enable an assessment of the state of health and performance of the fuel cell stacks.

show abstract

“…With respect to contamination impact observation, the effects on fuel cell performance of impurities such as CO, CO 2 ,H 2 S, and NH 3 in the fuel feed [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] and SO x ,N O x ,H 2 S, and NH 3 [16,[21][22][23][24] in the air stream have been extensively examined. A study of battlefield air impurities such as benzene, propane, HCN, CNCL, sarin, and sulfur mustard has also been reported [25]. In terms of model development for predicting fuel cell contamination, numerous studies on fuel cell contamination have been conducted, especially for CO contamination [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A general model for air-side proton exchange membrane fuel cell contamination

Shi

Song

et al. 2009

Journal of Power Sources

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. This paper presents a general model for air-side feed stream contamination that has the capability of simulating both transient and steady-state performance of a PEM fuel cell in the presence of air-side feed stream impurities. The model is developed based on the oxygen reduction reaction mechanism, contaminant surface adsorption/desorption, and electrochemical reaction kinetics. The model is then applied to the study of air-side toluene contamination. Experimental data for toluene contamination at four current densities (0.2, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0 A cm −2 ) and three contamination levels (1, 5 and 10 ppm) were used to validate the model. In addition, it is expected that, with parameter adjustment, this model can also be used to predict performance degradation caused by other air impurities such as nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and sulfur oxides (SO x ). Crown

show abstract

The effects of battlefield contaminants on PEMFC performance

Cited by 169 publications

References 5 publications

Systematic Analysis for the Effects of Atmospheric Pollutants in Cathode Feed on the Performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Systematic Analysis for the Effects of Atmospheric Pollutants in Cathode Feed on the Performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

An Electrical Circuit for Performance Analysis of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Stacks Using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy

A general model for air-side proton exchange membrane fuel cell contamination

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About