The Effects of Building Size on Personal Crime and Fear of Crime

Newman, Oscar; Franck, Karen A.

doi:10.4324/9781315086613-7

Cited by 12 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The findings suggest that residential stability is more common in assisted housing, and that residential stability is positively associated with interaction among neighbors, including exchanges of social support. These findings stand in contrast to previous arguments suggesting that assisted residents may be isolated from their neighbors (McCarthy and Saegert ; Newman ; Newman and Franck ; Rainwater ; Suttles ; Yancey ). Although I find no evidence to support the residential isolation hypothesis, there are at least three reasons why assisted housing is unlikely to increase residential stability and foster social support in all places.…”

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Assisted residents also coordinate with their neighbors to carry out community building projects, to demand that landlords make improvements to their housing complexes, and to resist displacement from urban redevelopment (Arena 2012;Feldman and Stall 2004;Howard 2014). Accounts of social support and tenant activism are surprising because project-based assisted housing tends to be located in high-poverty neighborhoods (Hirsch 1983;Massey and Kanaiaupuni 1993)-the very places where social isolation and anonymity are thought to be most intense-and because crime rates and mistrust in assisted housing tend to be high (Griffiths and Tita 2009;Moore 1969;Newman 1972;Popkin et al 2000;Rainwater 1966). If isolation, crime, and mistrust are common in assisted housing, how do residents manage to exchange support?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social Support and Residential Stability in Privately Owned Assisted Housing

Beck

2019

City & Community

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Theories explaining social cohesion in assisted housing largely pivot between two positions. The first suggests that assisted renters tend to be isolated from their neighbors because they live in high‐poverty neighborhoods and in housing complexes that inhibit residential interaction. The second suggests that assisted renters are not isolated but instead exchange support with their neighbors in order to mitigate material hardships. How do residents in assisted housing manage to exchange support in a context that would seem to inhibit interaction? Drawing on the American Housing Survey for data on residential mobility and the San Diego Assisted Housing Survey for data on residential interaction, I test the hypothesis that assisted housing increases residential stability, and that increased stability provides assisted renters with more opportunities to build support networks with their neighbors. I find evidence that rent subsidies slow the pace of residential mobility and those longtime residents of assisted housing are more likely to exchange support with their neighbors than residents who more recently moved in. The findings inform debates over social cohesion in assisted housing and assisted housing policy.

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Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Support and Residential Stability in Privately Owned Assisted Housing

Beck

2019

City & Community

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“…Observation found that most high-density housing makes the rear of buildings as parkings for motorcycles. This allows the shadow of building to act as one of the factors that protect the occurrence of motorcycle thefts during night and day (Newman & Frank, 1982;Newman, 1996;Ratti, 2004;Townsley et al, 2013). Other factors that help motorcycle thefts are nighttime darkness and loneliness (Atkins et al, 1991;Boomsma & Steg, 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, these motorcycles are nearer to residential areas at nighttime; thus, increases the number of motorcycles in residential land use. The space has become the focus of criminals since it is a less protected space, covered, and dark (at night) (Newman & Frank, 1982;Newman, 1996;Ratti, 2004;Townsley et al, 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The spatial relation between land use and crime

Yusof

Fauzi

2019

GEOGRAFIA

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Crime is often associated with social and economic problems. However, studies also showed that land use factor can cause crime. In Malaysia, zoning system is used to manage and administer land use in urban or rural areas. This study was, therefore conducted to measure the spatial distance and the strength of spatial distance between land use and crime. The analysis was done based on motorcycle thefts within a period of three years (2012-2014) in the Federal Territory of Putrajaya. The overlay map and multiple buffer zone techniques in the Geographic Information System (GIS) application were used to determine the spatial distance of land use. Chi Square statistical analysis and the Eta (η) coefficient were used to see the strength of relationship between spatial distance of land use and crime. The results of the analysis showed that there was a significant and strong relationship between land use, spatial distance and motorcycle theft. The analysis indicated that the motorcycle theft incidences were concentrated on a very close distance at commercial, leisure and recreational areas, and residential areas at a distance of between 0m and 150m. In the context of motorcycle thefts, residential and commercial land use have become the generators of motorcycle assets. This situation is also an indirect driving factor for motorcycle thefts. It therefore follows that spatial prevention and control should be given to land use that generates motorcycle assets.

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“…Some argued that dilapidated high-rises broke down social ties among neighbors and weakened informal social control through several social and psychological mechanisms (Amick and Kviz 1975; Gillis 1974; O. Newman 1972; O. Newman and Franck 1982; Rainwater 1966; Yancey 1971).…”

Section: Social Organization In Public Housingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trust and the Built Environment in New York City’s Public Housing

Beck

2018

Sociological Perspectives

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Public housing has been an important site for empirical research on concentrated poverty, social isolation, and social organization. Scholars have demonstrated that public housing was disproportionately built in high poverty neighborhoods, thereby exacerbating the physical and social isolation of residents. They have also hypothesized that physical features of public housing may contribute to a breakdown of social organization. These hypotheses motivated the demolition of large and physically deteriorated public housing structures throughout the United States. I use the New York City Housing and Vacancy Survey to test the hypotheses that large building size and visible building disorder are associated with mistrust among neighbors, as would be expected by theories linking the built environment to social organization. Although I find some evidence that trust is less common in large buildings with higher levels of disorder, I argue that critics of public housing overstate the social effects of the built environment.

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The Effects of Building Size on Personal Crime and Fear of Crime

Cited by 12 publications

References 1 publication

Social Support and Residential Stability in Privately Owned Assisted Housing

Social Support and Residential Stability in Privately Owned Assisted Housing

The spatial relation between land use and crime

Trust and the Built Environment in New York City’s Public Housing

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