“…Despite that, the finding improved both aspects of vocabulary knowledge, i.e., reception and production. This finding is consistent with the existing literature of prior studies in that audio-visual input was effective in enhancing the students' vocabulary knowledge (Batool, Ahmed, Rehan, & Zahra, 2022;Hariffin & Said, 2019;Peters, 2019;Lestari & Selian, 2021;Safitri, Farmasari, & Thohir, 2022;Yawiloeng, 2020) and improving various aspects of vocabulary knowledge as in the form-meaning link recall and recognition (Hariffin & Said, 2019;Teng, 2022). This could be because they could access visual and audio contents, which provided helpful information about new words, thus allowing them to learn vocabulary more effectively, as pointed out by Yawiloeng (2020).…”