The Effects of Cereal Fibers and Barley Foods Rich in β‐Glucan on Cardiovascular, Disease and Diabetes Risk

Pins, Joel J.; Kaur, Harminder; Dodds, Ellen; Keenan, Joseph M.

doi:10.1002/9780470277607.ch7

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Several reports have been proposed regarding hypocholesterolemic mechanisms of barley β-glucan. Delaying bile acid resorption and inhibiting dietary cholesterol uptake in the intestinal epithelium have been suggested as the major mechanisms , underlying the increased delivery of bile acid in the feces . Reduction of hepatic cholesterol synthesis and the fermentation of barley β-glucan by human fecal microbiota to produce short-chain fatty acids, which have hypocholesterolemic effects in circulation, have been suggested as well .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barley Intake Induces Bile Acid Excretion by Reduced Expression of Intestinal ASBT and NPC1L1 in C57BL/6J Mice

Hoang

Houng

Jun

et al. 2011

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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To investigate the hypocholesterolemic mechanism of barley in vivo, six-week-old C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or high-fat diet containing barley (HFD-B) for seven weeks. Total and LDL cholesterol concentrations were significantly reduced in the HFD-B group while fecal cholesterol and bile acid was increased. Real-time PCR and immunoblot analysis revealed the induction of FXR expression, which in turn suppressed the expression of ASBT and NPC1L1 in the HFD-B group compared with the controls. In the liver, the expression of HMG-CoA reductase was significantly reduced while LDL receptor expression was unaltered in the HFD-B group compared with the controls. Our data suggest that the hypocholesterolemic effects of barley are primarily the result of reduced dietary cholesterol uptake and bile acid resorption. Reduced expression of intestinal ASBT and NPC1L1 may play a key role in the regulation of dietary cholesterol and bile acid metabolism in mice consuming a diet containing barley.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barley Intake Induces Bile Acid Excretion by Reduced Expression of Intestinal ASBT and NPC1L1 in C57BL/6J Mice

Hoang

Houng

Jun

et al. 2011

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…Approximately two-thirds of barley is used for feed, onethird is used for brewing and only a tiny fraction (2%) is used for food directly (Baik et al 2008). Barley is increasingly becoming a desirable food grain for human diets because of potential health bene ts such as lowering glycemic load related to dietary ber, high soluble ber (β-glucan) content and nutritional value (Pins et al 2007). Moreover, barley can be produced at high altitudes and in deserts with extreme climates, where wheat and most other cereal crops cannot grow; thus, barley is always a staple food source in harsh landscapes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creating a zero amylose barley with high soluble sugar content by genome editing

Li,

Jiang,

Cao

et al. 2024

Plant Mol Biol

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Amylose biosynthesis is strictly associated with granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSSI) encoded by the Waxy gene. Mutagenesis of single bases in the Waxy gene, which induced by CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, caused absence of intact GBSSI protein in grain of the edited line. Consequently, B-type granules disappeared. The amylose and amylopectin contents of waxy mutants were zero and 31.73%, while those in the wild type were 33.50% and 39.00%, respectively. The absence of waxy protein led to increase in soluble sugar content to 37.30% compared with only 10.0% in the wild type. Sucrose and β-glucan, were 39.16% and 35.40% higher in waxy mutants than in the wild type, respectively. Transcriptome analysis identi ed differences between the wild type and waxy mutants that could partly explain the reduction in amylose and amylopectin contents and the increase in soluble sugar, sucrose and β-glucan contents. This waxy our, which showed lower nal viscosity and setback, and higher breakdown, could provide more option for food processing. Key MessageThe new zero amylose barley was obtained via the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, showing higher soluble sugar content and lower nal viscosity and setback.

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“…Approximately two-thirds of barley is used for feed, one-third is used for brewing and only a tiny fraction (2%) is used for food directly (Baik et al 2008). Barley is increasingly becoming a desirable food grain for human diets because of potential health bene ts such as lowering glycemic load related to dietary ber, high soluble ber (β-glucan) content and nutritional value (Pins et al 2007). Moreover, barley can be produced at high altitudes and in deserts with extreme climates, where wheat and most other cereal crops cannot grow; thus, barley is always a staple food source in harsh landscapes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creating zero amylose barley with high soluble sugar content by genome editing

Li¹,

Jiang

Cao³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Amylose biosynthesis is strictly associated with granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSSI) encoded by the Waxy gene. Mutagenesis of single bases in the Waxy gene, which induced by CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, caused absence of intact GBSSI protein in grain of the edited line. Consequently, B-type granules disappeared. The amylose and amylopectin contents of waxy mutants were zero and 31.73%, while those in the wild type were 33.50% and 39.00%, respectively. The absence of waxy protein led to increase in soluble sugar content to 37.30% compared with only 10.0% in the wild type. Sucrose and β-glucan, were 39.16% and 35.40% higher in waxy mutants than in the wild type, respectively. Transcriptome analysis identified differences between the wild type and waxy mutants that could partly explain the reduction in amylose and amylopectin contents and the increase in soluble sugar, sucrose and β-glucan contents. This waxy flour, which showed lower final viscosity and setback, and higher breakdown, could provide more option for food processing.

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The Effects of Cereal Fibers and Barley Foods Rich in β‐Glucan on Cardiovascular, Disease and Diabetes Risk

Cited by 5 publications

References 46 publications

Barley Intake Induces Bile Acid Excretion by Reduced Expression of Intestinal ASBT and NPC1L1 in C57BL/6J Mice

Barley Intake Induces Bile Acid Excretion by Reduced Expression of Intestinal ASBT and NPC1L1 in C57BL/6J Mice

Creating a zero amylose barley with high soluble sugar content by genome editing

Creating zero amylose barley with high soluble sugar content by genome editing

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