The Effects of Climate Change on Aquaculture

Abstract

Climate change is an additional pressure on top of the many (fishing pressure, loss of habitat, pollution, disturbance, introduced species) which fish stocks already experience. The impact of climate change must be evaluated in the context of other anthropogenic pressures, which often have much greater and more immediate effect. Factors that can shape climate are climate changes. These include such processes as variations in solar radiation, deviations in the Earth's orbit, mountain-building and continental drift, and changes in greenhouse gas concentrations. Some parts of the climate system, such as the oceans and ice caps, respond slowly in reaction to climate changes because of their large mass. Therefore, the climate system can take centuries or longer to fully respond to new external changes.Many of the studies made assumptions about changes in baseline socioeconomic conditions, adaptation, and biophysical processes. Almost all of the studies we examined estimated that there will be increasing adverse impacts beyond an approximate 3 to 4°C increase in global mean temperature. The studies do not show a consistent relationship between impacts and global mean temperatures between 0 and 3 to 4°C. In coastal resources it is clear that impacts will be adverse with low levels of temperature change.

Climate change: A potential risk to cage culture and genetic structure of native fisheries in fish cage‐installed inland lakes

“…The observed occurrence of caged fish type in fishers’ catch could also underscore the assertions of Agbebi and Fagbenro (2006) and Stanford (2002), who reported that fish culture in cages is associated with species purity risks and fundamental environmental flaws, respectively. The ability of the studied fishers to identify CC factors can impact fish cage culture presents another dimension, enhancing the observations of Yazdi and Shakouri (2010), and Freeman (2017) who reported CC variables generally impact aquaculture.…”

“…Stanford (2002) reported sea cage farming is associated with fundamental environmental flaws, while Yazdi and Shakouri (2010) and Freeman (2017) reported that CC variables generally impact aquaculture. Thus, there is a need for concerted efforts to combat and mitigate the detrimental effects of CC (Agbarevo, 2013).…”

Perceptions of climate-related risks and awareness of climate change of fish cage farmers in northern Thailand

“…There have been relatively few studies that have considered the risks faced by inland freshwater aquaculture farms, despite the large and growing importance of the sector, and emerging concerns and hopes about the role it may play in adaptation (De Silva and Soto, 2009;Yazdi and Shakouri, 2010;Pickering et al, 2011;Callaway et al, 2012;Frost et al, 2012). Most studies of aquaculture farmers have been for coastal systems, and are not primarily interested in climate directly; but rather are focused on understanding more broadly, the risks to yields and profits (Le and Cheong, 2010;Ahsan, 2011).…”

Assessing the economic impact of climate change in the small-scale aquaculture industry of Ghana, West Africa

“…While scientists and resource managers continue to battle with overfishing, pollution, and a decline in fish stocks, the impact of climate change is also attracting major attention. Variability in climate is modifying the productivity of aquatic ecosystems and thus affecting biological processes and food webs ( Yazdi & Shakouri, 2010 ). These impacts will be widely felt by fish farmers, fishers and the coastal poor through unstable livelihoods, fish availability and quality, and compromised health, safety, and homes ( De Silva & Soto, 2009 ; IPCC, 2007 ; and OECD, 2010 ).…”

“…Many small-scale fish farmers live poorly due to low income level, low productivity, small pond size, low technology, and inadequate knowledge in aquaculture operations coupled with climate change. Climate change impacts like frequent floods, droughts, erosions, extreme temperature could worsen the situation of small-holder fish farming households through total stock loss, increased mortality, reduced fish yield, damage to ponds/tanks, increase operating cost, and affect their livelihoods ( Allison et al ., 2005 ; De Silva & Soto, 2009 ; Yazdi & Shakouri, 2010 ).…”