The effects of cover cropping on yield and weed control of potato in a transitional system

Campiglia, Enio; Paolini, R.; Colla, Giuseppe; Mancinelli, Roberto

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2009.01.010

Cited by 53 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In the U.S., over 1.2 million hectares of land is used for organic agriculture (Campiglia, Paolini, Colla, & Mancinelli, 2009;Willer, 2008). Plant disease management in organic vegetable production presents an economic challenge for small farm owners especially in the hot humid summer months.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cover Crop, Reflective Polyethylene Mulch and Biofungicide Effects on Yield and Management of Diseases in Field-Grown Organic Tomato

Nyochembeng¹,

Mankolo²,

Mentreddy³

et al. 2014

JAS

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Organic farming is currently the fastest growing agricultural sector worldwide. However, diseases and weeds are among the major factors limiting its expansion. The use of cover crops has been shown to reduce weeds and minimize soil-borne pathogen populations through increased organic matter deposition, which also improves soil structure and porosity. Reflective and colored plastic mulches have also been shown to reduce vector borne diseases on many vegetable crops, including tomato. Such measures to combat disease depend on other variables and are generally site-specific. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of the winter cover crops, crimson clover, rye, hairy vetch, and Austrian winter peas and reflective polyethylene mulch with or without biofungicides on severity of diseases and fruit yield of tomato. Plant height, fruit weight, number of fruits per plant and the type of foliar and fruit diseases observed including their severity were determined. Tomato fruit rot incidence was significantly lower in tomato plants grown following hairy vetch and Austrian winter pea compared to plants in fallow plots. Reflective polyethylene mulch was significantly (p = 5%) better than control (no mulch) for fruit yield, number of fruits/plant and plant height. However, plants on reflective polyethylene mulch showed significantly more severe bacterial spot disease. Application of spent mushroom compost under polyethylene mulch significantly enhanced tomato fruit yield and number of fruits/plant compared to the biofungicide Root Guardian ® , but increased bacterial spot severity compared to Plant Guardian ® . The results of this study indicated that winter cover crops enhance yields of tomato by minimizing disease while reflective polyethylene mulch and spent mushroom compost are conducive to growth and fruit yield in field-grown organic tomato.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cover Crop, Reflective Polyethylene Mulch and Biofungicide Effects on Yield and Management of Diseases in Field-Grown Organic Tomato

Nyochembeng¹,

Mankolo²,

Mentreddy³

et al. 2014

JAS

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“…All these factors, therefore, are to be considered when deciding on catch crop mixture composition, seeding rate, sowing date and time of incorporation. Improving cereal yields in organic farming will depend on increasing short and long-term soil fertility, which may be obtained by increasing the proportion of legume species in the catch crop mixture, as legumes provide N input through BNF (Thorup-Kristensen, 1994;Känkänen and Eriksson, 2007;Campiglia et al, 2009). This would not jeopardize the reduction of N leached below rooting depth (Thorup-Kristensen, 1994;Askegaard and Eriksen, 2008;Askegaard et al, 2011).…”

Section: Short and Long-term Implications Of Catch Cropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of catch crops in the ecological intensification of spring cereals in organic farming under Nordic climate

Doltra

Olesen

2013

European Journal of Agronomy

101

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a b s t r a c tCatch crops can contribute to nitrogen supply of following crops through uptake of excess soil mineral nitrogen (N) and through biological N fixation. The contribution of catch crops to the ecological intensification of organic arable systems was investigated using data of a 12-year field experiment carried out at three sites in Denmark. This study focused on the yields of spring oats and spring barley in systems with and without manure in two different cropping systems (O2 and O4) that differed in the proportion of legume-based catch crops (O2 lower and O4 higher) and in the rotation composition (grass-clover green manure in O2 and pulse crops in O4). Three consecutive four-year crop cycles were established at three locations representative of different soil types (loamy sand, sandy loam and coarse sand) and climatic conditions. Crop management and soil operations were performed following common practices in organic farming. Measurements of dry matter (DM) and N content of grain cereals at harvest, aboveground biomass in catch crops and green manure crops in autumn and of the green manure crop at the first cutting were performed. The effect of catch crops on grain yield varied with cereal and catch crop species, soil and rotation type, and the application of N in manure. Higher yield increases from previous catch crops were obtained for spring oat than for spring barley with mean estimates of the apparent N recovery efficiency of N in above-ground catch crops of 69% and 46%, respectively. However, lower autumn N in catch crops undersown in high yielding cash crop was also observed. For spring oats mean grain yield benefits of including catch crops varied from 0.2 to 2.4 Mg DM ha −1 depending on location, manure use and cycle of the rotation. In spring barley mean grain yield benefits from catch crops varied from 0.1 to 1.5 Mg DM ha −1 . There was a tendency for the effect of catch crop on grain yield to increase over time. These results indicate that in Nordic climates catch crops can contribute to the ecological intensification of spring cereals, not only by reducing the nitrate leaching and increasing N retention, but also by improving yields. Management practices in relation to catch crops must be adapted to the specific soil and cropping systems.

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“…This negative effect of organic amendments may be attributed to increased pathogen inoculums' potential, as the decaying material may serve to sustain saprophytic growth of plant pathogens [35], or carried out by the Brassica amendments themselves [34]. Furthermore, increases in tuber yield using green manures crops have been inconsistent, despite the beneficial disease suppressive effects [36][37][38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Fodder Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) Green Manure on Potato Wilt, Growth and Yield Parameters

Khiareddine¹

2016

Adv Crop Sci Tech

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Potato is threatened by several soil-borne fungi causing wilt and root rots. In this study, two fodder radish (Raphanus sativus L.) (FR) cultivars (cvs. Boss and Defender), used as green manure preceding a potato crop, were evaluated for their suppressive effects against wilt incidence and severity, potato growth and yield as compared to animal manure. The essay was carried out in a completely randomised design with three types of organic amendment and two potato cultivars (cvs. Spunta and Royal). Incidence of potato wilting noted 100 days post planting (DPP) was high, exceeding 70%, for all soil amendments tested. The extent of vascular discoloration varied depending on amendments used where cv. Defender behaved as the control while the highest extent was noted on potato plants grown in cv. Boss amended plots. As compared to animal manure, the application of cvs. Boss and Defender had increased by 48.43 and 41.28% the incidence of vascular discoloration on cv. Spunta, respectively, while on cv. Royal, only cv. Defender had reduced this parameter by 16.32%. Fungal isolations performed from roots and stems revealed the involvement of several soil-borne pathogens in the recorded plant wilting. Soil manuring using cvs. Boss and Defender FR resulted in significant increment in average stem number per plant and aerial part fresh weight by 22.79 and 21.32% and by 34.62 and 27.03%, respectively, as compared to animal manure. At 100 DPP, potato root fresh weight increase by 8.7 and 33.49% was noted on cv. Spunta compared to 30.34 and 23.48% recorded on cv. Royal. Potato tuber yield was improved by 38.28 and 10.7% and by 28.44 and 27.62% in cvs. Spunta and Royal, respectively, relative to animal manure. The use of FR as green manure may be implemented in the integrated management of soil-borne diseases for the enhancement of potato yield.

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The effects of cover cropping on yield and weed control of potato in a transitional system

Cited by 53 publications

References 28 publications

Cover Crop, Reflective Polyethylene Mulch and Biofungicide Effects on Yield and Management of Diseases in Field-Grown Organic Tomato

Cover Crop, Reflective Polyethylene Mulch and Biofungicide Effects on Yield and Management of Diseases in Field-Grown Organic Tomato

The role of catch crops in the ecological intensification of spring cereals in organic farming under Nordic climate

Effect of Fodder Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) Green Manure on Potato Wilt, Growth and Yield Parameters

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