The Effects of Cross-Linking Agents on the Mechanical Properties of Poly (Methyl Methacrylate) Resin

Ceylan, Gülsüm; Emik, Serkan; Yalçınyuva, Tuncer; Sünbüloğlu, Emin; Bozdağ, Ergün; Ünalan, Fatma

doi:10.3390/polym15102387

Cited by 12 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 40 publications

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“…Pendulum hardness and micro-indentation results are reported in Table 8 and present the same increasing trend over time as conversion rate, Tg, and crosslinking density. Tg was found to be the most important property influencing hardness, while the degree of crosslinking was also a significant factor affecting hardness (Ceylan et al, 2023). As expected, samples with higher Tg led to higher film hardness and micro-indentation.…”

Section: Film Hardnesssupporting

confidence: 60%

Chemical surface densification of sugar maple through Michael addition reaction

Akbari,

Vanslambrouck,

Landry

2024

Wood Sci Technol

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Wood densification is a technique to enhance wood density and hardness, presenting a promising solution to expand wood use across various applications. However, current densification methods have cost and environmental impact limitations. This project introduces a potential environmentally friendly approach involving surface chemical densification through in-situ polymerization, using carbon Michael addition reaction between biobased acrylate and malonate monomers. This reaction, conducted in mild conditions with low energy and solvent consumption, aims to enhance wood densification while minimizing environmental impact. Various malonate-acrylate systems were formulated, and were optimized based on their viscosity, conversion rate, glass transition temperature, crosslinking density, and hardness. Then, sugar maple wood samples were densified with the most effective formulations. Monomers with lower viscosity demonstrated higher level of chemical retention. Density profile and penetration depth were also higher for the samples impregnated with lower viscosity formulations, as confirmed by X-Rray densitometer and scanning electron microscopy. Confocal Raman spectroscopy confirmed that formulations successfully filled lumens and vessels without reacting with the cell wall components. The brinell hardness was used to determine the hardness of natural and densified woods. One-way ANOVA data analysis showed a significant increase in hardness of densified samples compared to untreated wood; however, based on TUKEY Anova analysis, no noticeable difference was reported between impregnated 2 samples with different formulations. Overall, results showed the potential effectiveness of the Michael addition reaction in wood impregnation.

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Section: Film Hardnesssupporting

confidence: 60%

Chemical surface densification of sugar maple through Michael addition reaction

Akbari,

Vanslambrouck,

Landry

2024

Wood Sci Technol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Advanced Crosslinked Solid Polymer Electrolytes: Molecular Architecture, Strategies, and Future Perspectives

Zeng,

Liu,

Zhu

et al. 2024

Advanced Energy Materials

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Solid‐state batteries (SSBs) have attracted much attention for high‐energy‐density and high‐safety energy storage devices. Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) have emerged as a critical component in the advancement of SSBs, owing to the compelling advantages of strong molecular structure‐designability, low cost, easy manufacturing, and no liquid leakage. However, linear SPEs usually have low room‐temperature ionic conductivity due to crystallization, and melting at high temperature. Thus, crosslinked SPEs have been proposed in that the chemical bonding between internal molecule chains can maintain solid state to expand operational temperature, disrupt regularity of segment, and diminish crystalline degree, leading to an enhancement of room‐temperature ionic conductivity. Furthermore, the integration of functional groups within crosslinked SPE network can significantly augment the electrochemical performance of SPEs. Herein, according to the network structure, crosslinked SPEs are categorized into four types: simple network, AB crosslinked polymers (ABCP), semi‐interpenetrating network (semi‐IPN), and interpenetrating network (IPN), then the structure features and advantages and disadvantages of commonly used polymers for these types of crosslinked SPEs are reviewed. In addition, crosslinked SPEs with self‐healing, flame‐retardant, degradable, and recyclability are introduced. Finally, challenges and prospects of crosslinked SPEs are summarized, hoping to provide guidance for the molecular design of SPEs in the future.

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