The effects of daily consumption of grapefruit on body weight, lipids, and blood pressure in healthy, overweight adults

Dow, Caitlin A.; Going, Scott B.; Chow, H.‐H. Sherry; Patil, Bhimanagouda S.; Thomson, Cynthia A.

doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2011.12.004

Cited by 75 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Findings from a preliminary intervention study in 91 obese men and women reported that consumption of half of a fresh grapefruit before meals for 12 weeks resulted in significant weight loss and improved insulin resistance among participating adults with metabolic syndrome (47). In a randomized controlled trial of overweight men and women who consumed ½ of a ruby red grapefruit before each of three daily meals for 6 weeks ( n =39, mean age 39.4 years), no effects on body weight or anthropometric measures when compared to a control condition (no grapefruit, n =32, mean age 44.0 years) were reported (48). However, when compared with baseline values, significant decreases in waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio were demonstrated in grapefruit consumers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption of grapefruit is associated with higher nutrient intakes and diet quality among adults, and more favorable anthropometrics in women, NHANES 2003–2008

Murphy

Barraj

Rampersaud

2014

Food & Nutrition Research

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BackgroundDietary guidance recommends consumption of a nutrient-dense diet containing a variety of fruits. The purpose of this study was to estimate usual nutrient intakes and adequacy of nutrient intakes among adult grapefruit consumers and non-consumers, and to examine associations between grapefruit consumption and select health parameters.MethodsThe analysis was conducted with data collected in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2008. Respondents reporting consumption of any amount of grapefruit or 100% grapefruit juice at least once during the 2 days of dietary recall were classified as grapefruit consumers.ResultsAmong adults aged 19+ years with 2 days of dietary recall (n=12,789), 2.5% of males and 2.7% of females reported consumption of 100% grapefruit juice or fresh, canned, or frozen grapefruit during the recalls. Grapefruit consumers were less likely to have usual intakes of vitamin C (males: 0% vs. 47%; females: 0% vs. 43%; P<0.001) and magnesium (P<0.05) below the estimated average requirement (EAR) compared to non-consumers, and they were more likely to meet adequate intake levels for dietary fiber (P<0.05). Potassium and β-carotene intakes were significantly higher among grapefruit consumers (P<0.001). Diet quality as assessed by the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI-2005) was higher in grapefruit consumers (males: 66.2 [95% CI: 61.0–71.5] vs. 55.4 [95% CI: 54.4–56.4]; females: 71.4 [95% CI: 65.1–77.6] vs. 61.2 [95% CI: 59.8–62.6]). Among women, grapefruit consumption was associated with lower body weight, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), triglycerides, C-reactive protein (CRP), and higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (P<0.05), However, risk of being overweight/obese was not associated with grapefruit consumption.ConclusionConsumption of grapefruit was associated with higher intakes of vitamin C, magnesium, potassium, dietary fiber, and improved diet quality. Grapefruit may provide a healthful option for adults striving to meet fruit recommendations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption of grapefruit is associated with higher nutrient intakes and diet quality among adults, and more favorable anthropometrics in women, NHANES 2003–2008

Murphy

Barraj

Rampersaud

2014

Food & Nutrition Research

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“…Moreover, bergamot extract inhibited HMG-CoA reductase activity and enhanced reactive vasodilation in hyperlipidemia patients (130). Another randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the role of grapefruit in reducing body weight and blood pressure and in promoting improvements in lipid profile in 74 overweight healthy adults (131). Supplementation of one-half of a fresh Rio Red grapefruit with each meal for 6 wk did not significantly decrease body weight compared with the control condition (131).…”

Section: Clinical Findings For Citrus Fruit Juices and Their Active Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the role of grapefruit in reducing body weight and blood pressure and in promoting improvements in lipid profile in 74 overweight healthy adults (131). Supplementation of one-half of a fresh Rio Red grapefruit with each meal for 6 wk did not significantly decrease body weight compared with the control condition (131). However, supplementation improved blood pressure and lipids, which warrants further studies conducted on grapefruit in the context of obesity and cardiovascular disease prevention.…”

Section: Clinical Findings For Citrus Fruit Juices and Their Active Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Citrus Flavonoids, Naringin and Naringenin, on Metabolic Syndrome and Their Mechanisms of Action

Alam¹,

Subhan²,

Rahman³

et al. 2014

Advances in Nutrition

615

340

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Flavonoids are important natural compounds with diverse biologic activities. Citrus flavonoids constitute an important series of flavonoids. Naringin and its aglycone naringenin belong to this series of flavonoids and were found to display strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Several lines of investigation suggest that naringin supplementation is beneficial for the treatment of obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome. A number of molecular mechanisms underlying its beneficial activities have been elucidated. However, their effect on obesity and metabolic disorder remains to be fully established. Moreover, the therapeutic uses of these flavonoids are significantly limited by the lack of adequate clinical evidence. This review aims to explore the biologic activities of these compounds, particularly on lipid metabolism in obesity, oxidative stress, and inflammation in context of metabolic syndrome.

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“…In recent years, the phenolic compounds present in grapefruit have been investigated, and some publications have suggested that they could play an important role in the antioxidant capacity of grapefruit juice (Gorinstein et al, 2005;Xu et al, 2008), which has been related with the prevention of different chronic diseases including heart disease, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and cancer (Mertens-Talcott, Zadezensky, De Castro, Derendorf & Butterweck, 2006;Vanamala, Reddivari, Yoo, Pike, & Patil, 2006;Díaz-Ju arez et al, 2009). Some epidemiological studies also pointed to the consumption of grapefruit brings benefits in weight loss and improve lipid metabolism (Dow, Going, Chow, Patil, & Thomson, 2012;Gorinstein et al, 2005). However, despite its high functional value, the consumption of fresh grapefruit is low, probably due to its strong bitter taste and also because it is produced on a seasonal basis, so that in many countries it may not be available in fresh conditions throughout the year.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of grapefruit (Star Ruby): A comparison between fresh freeze-dried fruits and different powder formulations

Agudelo

Barros

Santos‐Buelga

et al. 2017

LWT

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a b s t r a c tDifferent grapefruit powders obtained by freeze drying and spray drying with prior addition of shell materials (arabic gum and bamboo fiber) were studied in order to evaluate the effect of these preservation processes on the retention of antioxidants, in comparison with the freeze-dried fruit with no carriers added. Freeze-dried samples showed above 90% retention of these phytochemicals, while spraydried samples presented good retention of vitamins but a sharp decrease in of phenolic compounds. Pearson's correlation analysis showed that the most significant contribution to DPPH scavenging activity and inhibition of b-carotene bleaching was provided by phenolic compounds, mostly flavonoids, while the contribution to the reducing power was due to ascorbic acid and a-tocopherol. Therefore, the loss of these compounds in the spray-dried samples resulted in products with lower antioxidant activity. Naringin and narirutin were the major phenolic compounds in all grapefruit samples, although other flavanones present in lower concentration, like hesperidin, neohesperidin didymin, poncirin or melitidin, also showed high correlations with the antioxidant value of the samples.

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The effects of daily consumption of grapefruit on body weight, lipids, and blood pressure in healthy, overweight adults

Cited by 75 publications

References 32 publications

Consumption of grapefruit is associated with higher nutrient intakes and diet quality among adults, and more favorable anthropometrics in women, NHANES 2003–2008

Consumption of grapefruit is associated with higher nutrient intakes and diet quality among adults, and more favorable anthropometrics in women, NHANES 2003–2008

Effect of Citrus Flavonoids, Naringin and Naringenin, on Metabolic Syndrome and Their Mechanisms of Action

Phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of grapefruit (Star Ruby): A comparison between fresh freeze-dried fruits and different powder formulations

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