The effects of daylight saving time on vehicle crashes in Minnesota

Huang, Arthur; Levinson, David

doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2010.10.006

Cited by 28 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Known risk factors in fatal crashes that could interact with the injury host, the agent, or the driving environment include alcohol use [27], drug use [28], poor driving record [29], no restraint use [30], high speed [31], and poor light conditions [32–34]. In our analysis, alcohol or drug use, poor driving record, no restraint use, and speeding were less likely to co-occur in fatalities during adverse weather conditions suggesting the importance of adverse weather as an independent risk factor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse weather conditions and fatal motor vehicle crashes in the United States, 1994-2012

et al. 2016

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BackgroundMotor vehicle crashes are a leading cause of injury mortality. Adverse weather and road conditions have the potential to affect the likelihood of motor vehicle fatalities through several pathways. However, there remains a dearth of assessments associating adverse weather conditions to fatal crashes in the United States. We assessed trends in motor vehicle fatalities associated with adverse weather and present spatial variation in fatality rates by state.MethodsWe analyzed the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) datasets from 1994 to 2012 produced by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) that contains reported weather information for each fatal crash. For each year, we estimated the fatal crashes that were associated with adverse weather conditions. We stratified these fatalities by months to examine seasonal patterns. We calculated state-specific rates using annual vehicle miles traveled data for all fatalities and for those related to adverse weather to examine spatial variations in fatality rates. To investigate the role of adverse weather as an independent risk factor for fatal crashes, we calculated odds ratios for known risk factors (e.g., alcohol and drug use, no restraint use, poor driving records, poor light conditions, highway driving) to be reported along with adverse weather.ResultsTotal and adverse weather-related fatalities decreased over 1994–2012. Adverse weather-related fatalities constituted about 16 % of total fatalities on average over the study period. On average, 65 % of adverse weather-related fatalities happened between November and April, with rain/wet conditions more frequently reported than snow/icy conditions. The spatial distribution of fatalities associated with adverse weather by state was different than the distribution of total fatalities. Involvement of alcohol or drugs, no restraint use, and speeding were less likely to co-occur with fatalities during adverse weather conditions.ConclusionsWhile adverse weather is reported for a large number of motor vehicle fatalities for the US, the type of adverse weather and the rate of associated fatality vary geographically. These fatalities may be addressed and potentially prevented by modifying speed limits during inclement weather, improving road surfacing, ice and snow removal, and providing transit alternatives, but the impact of potential interventions requires further research.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12940-016-0189-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse weather conditions and fatal motor vehicle crashes in the United States, 1994-2012

et al. 2016

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“…They also argued that the rate of traffic crashes was reduced because drivers may improve their driving behaviors by reducing immediate braking or speeding in response to gasoline price increases. Similarly, Huang and Levinson (2010) found that higher gasoline prices reduced traffic levels and reduced traffic diminished the number of total crashes from 2001 to 2007 in Minnesota. In addition, Chi et al (2012) found that higher gasoline prices reduced traffic crashes per capita from 1999 to 2009 in Alabama.…”

Section: Prior Researchmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In this study, we controlled for the four categories of variables. First, VMT is an important variable to explain the variation of crashes on the road; higher VMT is always associated with more crashes (Huang and Levinson, 2010). We used VMT estimates by county and month in this study.…”

Section: Control Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, 2-stage least squares (2SLS) models might improve model estimates as injury and fatal crash counts are likely endogenous with VMT but are not with gasoline prices. The 2SLS models could include two parts-the reduced function to predict VMT and the structural function to predict crash counts (Huang and Levinson, 2010). Second, the correlation among PDO, injury, and fatal crashes could be controlled for and might be better modeled in one single model as gasoline price effects vary by the severity of crashes.…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

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Gasoline price effects on traffic safety in urban and rural areas: Evidence from Minnesota, 1998–2007

et al. 2013

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A large literature base has found that economic factors have important effects on traffic crashes. A small but growing branch of literature also examines the role of gasoline prices in the occurrence of traffic crashes. However, no studies have investigated the possible difference of these effects between urban and rural areas. In this study, we used the monthly traffic crash data from 1998 to 2007 at the county level in Minnesota to investigate the possibly different effects gasoline prices may have on traffic crashes per million vehicle miles traveled in urban versus rural areas. The results indicate that gasoline price effects on total crashes, property-damage-only crashes, and injury crashes are stronger in rural areas than in urban areas. Gasoline prices also significantly affect fatal crashes in both urban and rural areas; however, the difference is not significant. The results concerning the differences between urban and rural areas have important policy implications for traffic safety planners and decision makers.

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“…The effects tend to be stronger on younger drivers than on older drivers, on female drivers than on male drivers, and on white drivers than on black drivers (Chi et al, 2010(Chi et al, , 2012Grabowski and Morrisey, 2004;Leigh and Wilkinson, 1991). Second, gasoline prices affect different types of traffic crashes such as fatal crashes, injury crashes, property-damage-only crashes, and drunk-driving crashes differently (Chi et al, 2011;Huang and Levinson, 2010). When compared to the effects on overall crashes, gasoline prices are found to have more significant effects on less severe crashes but less significant effects on drunkdriving crashes.…”

Section: Prior Research Of Gasoline Price Effects On Traffic Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of gasoline price changes on traffic safety: a time geography explanation

Chi

Porter

Cosby

et al. 2013

Journal of Transport Geography

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The impact of gasoline price changes on traffic safety has received increasing attention in empirical studies. In this study, we use time geography to provide a theoretical framework for examining the effects of time-varying fluctuations in gasoline prices and their relationship to traffic safety in a case study of Mississippi from April 2004 to December 2010. Application of time geography theory suggests that gasoline prices act as one type of capability constraint of the space-time path. As gasoline prices increase (that is, as the capability constraint becomes stronger), we hypothesize traffic crash rates decrease, and they decrease more for groups for whom the constraint is stronger. The results corroborate the hypotheses and suggest that gasoline prices have stronger effects on reducing less severe crashes and negligible effects on reducing fatal crashes. Gasoline price effects on reducing crashes start at a 9-month lag, peak at a 12-month lag, and diminish after an 18-month lag.

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The effects of daylight saving time on vehicle crashes in Minnesota

Abstract: Daylight saving time can lead to fewer crashes on roads by providing better visibility for drivers.

Cited by 28 publications

References 17 publications

Adverse weather conditions and fatal motor vehicle crashes in the United States, 1994-2012

Adverse weather conditions and fatal motor vehicle crashes in the United States, 1994-2012

Gasoline price effects on traffic safety in urban and rural areas: Evidence from Minnesota, 1998–2007

The impact of gasoline price changes on traffic safety: a time geography explanation

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