The Effects of Delivery Mode on the Gut Microbiota and Health: State of Art

Zhang, Chenchen; Li, Lixiang; Jin, Bi-ying; Xu, Xinyan; Zuo, Xiuli; Li, Yanqing; Li, Zhen

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.724449

Cited by 51 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Some limitations to microbiome data interpretation should be acknowledged, including its cross-sectional/pilot design, which does not allow to adjust for mode of delivery and breastfeeding, factors known to shape the composition of the microbiota [19,43–48]. Likewise, the lack of a HUU control group limits the possibility to weigh the effects of intrauterine viral exposure vs. vertical HIV infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, they cannot rule out that the observed modifications of the gut microbiota in HEI may have a role in fueling persistent peripheral immune activation and inflammation [10]. Some limitations to microbiome data interpretation should be acknowledged, including its cross-sectional/ pilot design, which does not allow to adjust for mode of delivery and breastfeeding, factors known to shape the composition of the microbiota [19,[43][44][45][46][47][48]. Likewise, the lack of a HUU control group limits the possibility to weigh the effects of intrauterine viral exposure vs. vertical HIV infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gut-dependent inflammation and alterations of the intestinal microbiota in individuals with perinatal HIV exposure and different HIV serostatus

Tincati

Ficara

Ferrari

et al. 2022

Aids

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Objective:HIV-exposed infected (HEI) and uninfected (HEU) children represent the two possible outcomes of maternal HIV infection. Modifications of the intestinal microbiome have been linked to clinical vulnerability in both settings, yet whether HEI and HEU differ in terms of gut impairment and peripheral inflammation/activation is unknown.Design:We performed a cross-sectional, pilot study on fecal and plasma microbiome as well as plasma markers of gut damage, microbial translocation, inflammation and immune activation in HIV-infected and uninfected children born from an HIV-infected mother.Methods:Fecal and plasma microbiome were determined by means of 16S rDNA amplification with subsequent qPCR quantification. Plasma markers were quantified via ELISA.Results:Forty-seven HEI and 33 HEU children were consecutively enrolled. The two groups displayed differences in fecal beta-diversity and relative abundance, yet similar microbiome profiles in plasma as well as comparable gut damage and microbial translocation. In contrast, monocyte activation (sCD14) and systemic inflammation (IL-6) were significantly higher in HEI than HEU.Conclusion:In the setting of perinatal HIV infection, enduring immune activation and inflammation do not appear to be linked to alterations within the gut. Given that markers of activation and inflammation are independent predictors of HIV disease progression, future studies are needed to understand the underlying mechanisms of such processes and elaborate adjuvant therapies to reduce the clinical risk in individuals with perinatal HIV infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut-dependent inflammation and alterations of the intestinal microbiota in individuals with perinatal HIV exposure and different HIV serostatus

Tincati

Ficara

Ferrari

et al. 2022

Aids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…We also found the prevalence of overweight and obesity in students delivered by cesarean section were higher. A recent study has shown cesarean section could affect the colonization pattern of intestinal bacteria in infants, which might lead to overweight and obesity in children and adolescents [ 23 ]. First born was one risk factor for overweight and obesity in our study, although the reasons weren't clear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breastfeeding and overweight/obesity among children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study

Liu

Feng

et al. 2022

BMC Pediatr

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Background Overweight and obesity are major public health crises among children and adolescents and contribute to a significant economic burden. We aimed to investigate the relationship between breastfeeding duration and overweight and obesity in children and adolescents in Qingdao, China in 2017. Methods This study conducted a survey with 10,753 students (5370 boys and 5383 girls) aged 6 to 16 years from the Shibei District of Qingdao, China in 2017. Anthropometric measurements were taken by well-trained personnel and self-completed questionnaires were used to collect data from students. A variety of statistical methods were used in this study, including univariate and multivariate analyses, as well as linear and nonlinear regression models. Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 15.45% and 19.76%, respectively. There was a significant negative correlation between breastfeeding duration and BMI in children and adolescents (β = -0.025, 95% CI: -0.033, -0.005, P < 0.01). Among boys, the BMI in children and adolescences of those who have been breastfed for more than 12 months was significantly lower than that of others whose breastfeeding duration was less than 12 months (β = -0.440, 95%CI -0.655, -0.224, P < 0.01). Breastfeeding has a particularly positive effect on the prevalence of obesity in boys aged 9 to 11 years (OR = 0.978, 95% CI: 0.958,0.999, P < 0.05). Conclusion Breastfeeding can significantly reduce the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 6 to 16 years. Those who were breastfed for more than 12 months had a lower risk of developing overweight and obesity, especially boys between the ages of 9 and 11.

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“… 5 , 30 Similarly, a thorough understanding of how cow’s milk formula and cesarean section births result in dysbiosis and increase susceptibility to allergy and asthma development can serve as a scientific rationale for advocating for breast feeding and natural births to reduce the risk of the development of allergic diseases later in life. 31 , 32 Collectively, these examples demonstrate the important need to further develop continuing medical education curricula to include the most updated information about the role of the microbiome in disease pathogenesis as well as potential therapeutic applications to prevent the development and/or mitigate symptoms of diseases of public health importance in Saudi Arabia, such as allergies and asthma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicians’ Understanding of the Role of the Microbiome in Allergies and Asthma: A Questionnaire-Based Study in Saudi Arabia

AlKhater¹

2022

JAA

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Purpose Allergies and asthma are two noncommunicable illnesses of increasing public health concern in Saudi Arabia. Nevertheless, little is known about knowledge of the microbiome and its relationship to asthma and allergy risks among healthcare professionals, such as pediatricians and family medicine practitioners, who are often involved in the care of patients suffering from these illnesses. Therefore, this study aimed to examine knowledge about microbiome science in these healthcare workers in the eastern region of the kingdom, where allergies and asthma are highly prevalent. Patients and Methods The study survey consisted of 37 online questions in three topical domains, including microbiome science, dysbiosis, and probiotics, and was distributed to 203 participants in various demographic groups. Results The survey analysis revealed that the mean knowledge score was 67.6%. The component scores were highest for the microbiome (75.6%) and lowest for dysbiosis (52.6%). Only 17.7% of the healthcare workers were prescribing probiotic food or drinks for most of their patients with allergies and/or asthma; and 37.8% of the healthcare workers were unaware of the reasons for prescribing pro-/prebiotics. Regression analysis revealed that older age (>45 years old), probiotic prescription experience, and positive beliefs about the importance of nutritional advice were independent predictors of higher microbiome knowledge. Conclusion The analysis not only revealed existing gaps in microbiome knowledge among the participants, including those related to the role of the microbiome in allergy and asthma development but also identified predictors of higher microbiome knowledge. These observations provide an impetus for the rational design of continuing medical education curriculum and training to update healthcare professionals with emerging clinical application of microbiome knowledge for the management of microbiome-related illnesses.

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The Effects of Delivery Mode on the Gut Microbiota and Health: State of Art

Cited by 51 publications

References 81 publications

Gut-dependent inflammation and alterations of the intestinal microbiota in individuals with perinatal HIV exposure and different HIV serostatus

Gut-dependent inflammation and alterations of the intestinal microbiota in individuals with perinatal HIV exposure and different HIV serostatus

Breastfeeding and overweight/obesity among children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study

Physicians’ Understanding of the Role of the Microbiome in Allergies and Asthma: A Questionnaire-Based Study in Saudi Arabia

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