The Effects of Dietary Biotite V Supplementation as an Alternative Substance to Antibiotics in Growing Pigs

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Biotite V supplementation on growth performance, nutrients digestibility and blood constituents and to evaluate whether Biotite V could replace an antibiotics in growing pigs diet. One hundred twenty pigs with initial body weight of 18.35±0.15 kg were used in a 28 days growth trial. Pigs were allotted to four treatments by sex and body weight in a randomized complete block design. There were six replicate pens per treatment and five pigs per pen. Four dietary treatments were: 1) NC (basal diet without antibiotics), 2) PC (basal diet+0.1% CTC), 3) NCBV (NC diet+0.5% 200 mesh Biotite V) and 4) PCBV (PC diet+0.5% 200 mesh Biotite V). Through the entire experimental period, ADG tented to increase in NCBV and PCBV treatments compared to NC and PC treatments respectively, but no significant differences were observed (p>0.05). ADFI was slightly lower in NCBV and PCBV treatments than that in NC and PC treatments without significant differences (p>0.05). Gain/feed in PC and PCBV treatments was improved significantly compared to NC treatment (p<0.05). N and Ca digestibilities were higher in PCBV treatments than those in PC treatment (p<0.05). DM and P digestibilities were not affected by the addition of Biotite V (p>0.05). RBC, HCT, Hb, lymphocyte and monocyte were increased numerically in NCBV and PCBV treatments compared to NC and PC treatments (p>0.05). WBC was lower in treatment groups than that in NC treatment, but no significant differences were observed (p>0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation of Biotite V can better the gain/feed and some of the nutrients digestibilities in growing pigs. It has a possibility to replace antibiotics in swine diet.

The effect of kaolin feeding on efficiency, health status and course of diarrhoeal infections caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains in weaned piglets

“…It is assumed that clay minerals reduce the speed of feed passage along the intestines, which results in better nutrient conversion and higher water resorption (Castro and Elias, 1978;Papaioannou et al, 2005). Whilst Poulsen and Oksbjerg (1995) did not observe any changes in protein retention using a diet supplemented of with 3% of zeolite, other studies have reported improved digestibility of nutrients (Castro and Elias, 1978;Kyriakis et al, 2002;Chen et al, 2005;Ly et al, 2007), and protein and energy retention (Ly et al, 1996(Ly et al, , 2007Parisini et al, 1999). Some authors put the improvement in protein and energy retention down to the increased activity of pancreatic enzymes due to the supplementation of diets with clay minerals.…”

“…The structure and physical-chemical characteristics of these clay minerals and kaolin, which is a phyllosilicate mineral, are similar . A significant increase in the body weight gain and improved conversion of feed containing clay minerals has been shown by numerous studies (Pond et al, 1981(Pond et al, , 1988Vrzgula et al, 1982;Bartko et al, 1983;Pond and Yen, 1987;Castro and Iglesias, 1989;Cabezas et al, 1991;Papaioannou et al, 2004;Chen et al, 2005;Kolacz et al, 2005;Papaioannou et al, 2005;Alexopoulos et al, 2007;Prvulovic et al, 2007). Naturally, their effect on the efficiency of animals is associated with the type, physicochemical and structural qualities, purity and proportion of these minerals in the diet (Pond and Yen, 1987;Pond et al, 1988;Papaioannou et al, 2004Papaioannou et al, , 2005, and by the age of animals (Papaioannou et al, 2004;Alexopoulos et al, 2007).…”

“…In 2002, the European Commission proposed new safety measures for the use of supplements in animal diets. An absolute ban on the use of antibiotic growth stimulators came into force in 2006 (Anonymous, 2002;Castro, 2005;Chen et al, 2005), mainly due to the potential occurrence of cross resistance to antimicrobial agents that are used in human medicine (Barton, 2000;Castro, 2005;Chen et al, 2005). Likewise, the requirements for health safety and safety of food of animal origin force the breeders to restrict their use of antibiotics in the prevention of animal diseases.…”

Dietary Effect of Artificial Zeolite on Performance, Immunity, Faecal Microflora Concentration and Noxious Gas Emissions in Pigs

“…Over the last decade, researchers have focused on development of unconventional feed resources. The results of these studies have suggested that supplementation of feed with absorbents leads to improved animal performance (Chen et al, 2005b;Dakovic et al, 2005). It is well known that feeds not only provide nutrients for animals, but also contain a number of contaminants that may enter the food chain via animal products.…”

Effect of medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) and probiotic (Enterococcus faecium) supplementation on the growth performance, digestibility and blood profiles in weanling pigs

“…However, in 2006, the use of antibiotics as growth promoters was forbidden in the EU (Chen et al 2005) and as an expansion of this policy to other countries can now be expected, intensive research is focused on the development of alternative strategies with the aim to maintain animal health and performance (Chen et al 2005;Bomba et al 2006;Castillo et al 2008). According to Giang et al (2010), piglets fed with probiotic complex diets had higher feed intake, daily gain and better feed conversion after weanling.…”