The Effects of Dietary Composition on the Physiologic Responses to Calorie Deprivation

Agus, Michael S. D.; Eckert, E.; Larson, Courtney L.; Swain, JaBaris D.; Ludwig, David S.

doi:10.1203/00006450-199904020-00498

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“…First, most previous studies of dietary carbohydrate and energy regulation have either been very short-term studies providing food [15,[47][48][49] or long-term studies in which subjects were counseled on regimens for self-administration [1,50,51]. Dietary intake in the present study was uniquely controlled because all food was provided to volunteers for 6 months and documented adherence to the regimen was high when food was provided [10], thus allowing us to relate metabolic adaptation and body composition change to more reliable dietary intake information than is usually possible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long - Term Effects of Energy-Restricted Diets Differing in Glycemic Load on Metabolic Adaptation and Body Composition*

Das¹,

Gilhooly²,

Golden³

et al. 2008

TONUTRJ

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A randomized controlled trial of high glycemic load (HG) and low glycemic load (LG) diets with food provided for 6 months and self-administered for 6 additional months at 30% caloric restriction (CR) was performed in 29 overweight adults (mean±SD, age 35±5y; BMI 27.5±1.5 kg/ m 2 ). Total energy expenditure (TEE), resting metabolic rate (RMR), fat and fat free mass (FFM), were measured at 3, 6 and 12 months. Changes in TEE, but not changes in RMR, were greater than accounted for by the loss of FFM and fat mass (P=0.001-0.013) suggesting an adaptive response to long-term CR. There was no significant effect of diet group on change in RMR or TEE. However, in subjects who lost >5% body weight (n=26), the LG diet group had a higher percentage of weight loss as fat than the HG group (p<0.05), a finding that may have implications for dietary recommendations during weight reduction.

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