The effects of dietary dried fruit pomaces on growth performance and gastrointestinal biochemistry of turkey poults

Abstract

One-day-old female turkeys were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments and were fed for 15 weeks diets containing 5% of cellulose (control, C) or 5% of dried fruit pomaces (apple, black currant, strawberry, seedless strawberry; AP, BCP, SP, SSP respectively). In weeks 11-15 of feeding, all diets were supplemented with 2.5% of linseed oil. The crude fibre content of fruit pomaces ranged from 56.5% in AP to 62.9% in SP. In comparison with AP, berry fruit pomaces (BCP, SP and SSP) were characterised by a higher content of neutral detergent fibre - NDF (41.2% vs. 52.7-59.3%) and lignin (13.24% vs. 21.80-25.56%). A monomer analysis revealed that cellulose was the main non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) in fruit pomaces, whereas their pectin content was low. Polyphenol content was determined at below 6 g/kg in AP, at approximately 12 g/kg in BCP and SP, and at 32.8 g/kg in SSP. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in final body weight of birds. After 15 weeks of feeding fruit pomaces to turkeys, the relative weight of the small intestine with digesta was higher in group AP, and lower in group SSP, as compared to controls. Dietary fruit pomaces decreased the dry matter (DM) concentration and lowered the pH of the small intestinal digesta, except the AP and SSP treatments respectively. In the caeca, significantly reduced concentrations of ammonia or putrefactive short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) upon dietary fruit pomaces were observed. Fruit pomaces did not influence the concentrations or the total pool of short-chain fatty acids, but led to a significant increase in butyric proportion in the SCFA profile at the expense propionate.

Bilberry pomace in rabbit nutrition: effects on growth performance, apparent digestibility, caecal traits, bacterial community and antioxidant status

“…Oscillospira in rabbit gut microbiota may be involved in the fermentation process (Zeng et al, 2015) while Ruminococcus produced propionate and butyrate (Reichardt et al, 2014), which play a protective role against different types of disease (De Filippis et al, 2015). Fruit pomaces led to a significant increase in butyric proportion in the short-chain FAs profile in caecal digesta of turkeys Juskiewicz et al (2016). In the present trial, the dietary inclusion of BP has been characterized by the dominance of Clostridium, which has recently been associated with elevated levels of AA and phenolic compounds in the gut (Ponnusamy et al, 2011).…”

The Fatty Acid Profile and Oxidative Stability of Meat from Turkeys Fed Diets Enriched with n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Dried Fruit Pomaces as a Source of Polyphenols

“…The diets fed to control group (C) turkeys contained cellulose to level out their crude fiber content. The chemical composition of diets and different pomace drying methods (AP, BP and SP were dried by convection in the SB-1.5 drum dryer, whereas SSP was vacuum dried at a temperature of 70°C) are presented elsewhere [20]. …”

Dried berry pomace as a source of high value-added bioproduct: drying kinetics and bioactive quality indices

“…Reque et al [13] and Tagliani et al [9] have positioned blueberry pomace, an industry by-product, as a valuable source of fiber with antioxidant capacity. Work performed by,Das et al [14] and Islam et al [15] have shown beneficial effects on intestinal health and immunity of including berry pomace as a broiler chicken feed additive., Juskiewicz et al [16] reported the effects of dietary dried fruit pomaces on turkey health while,Hassan et al [2] reviewed studies showing that grape pomace could be a promising feed additive as an antimicrobial alternative to antibiotic in livestock production.…”