The effects of dietary supplements of polyunsaturated fatty acid on pearl oyster, Pinctada margaritifera L., gonad composition and reproductive output

Abstract

Black-lip pearl oyster, Pinctada margaritifera broodstock was collected from the wild. Egg production, hatching rate and larval development were compared between oysters induced to spawn within 2 days after collection in the wild (T1), oysters fed a pure microalgae diet during 24 days before spawning (T2) and oysters fed the same microalgal diet in which 10% of the algae were replaced with 2 mm polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-rich microspheres (T3). Administration of lipid microspheres resulted in larger sized eggs, a higher percentage of D-larvae and larger sized 48-h-old larvae (Po0.05). The total and neutral lipid contents of the gonad increased after oysters were fed with microalgae only or with supplementary diet. The major neutral and polar fractions of saturated fatty acid (SFA) were 16C and 18C fatty acids, and not in£uenced by the diet (P40.05). The gonads of oysters fed supplementary PUFA contained more docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and less monounsaturated fatty acids. Higher level of DHA in gonads of T3 was associated with oogenesis and embryogenesis success. The n-3/n-6 ratio in the neutral lipid fraction provides a good indication of the spawning condition and predicting egg size and hatching rate.

Effect of different dietary microalgae combinations on growth and survival of black-lip pearl oyster (Pinctada margaritifera) larvae and the feasibility of replacing microalgae with a dietary lipid emulsion

“…; Ehteshami et al . ). In the current study, it was found that partially replacing T. Iso with a lipid emulsion of 10% and 10–30% to D‐shaped and umbone P. margaritifera larvae, respectively, had no significant effect on their growth, compared with a monospecific diet of T. Iso.…”

Biochemical composition of New Zealand geoduck clam broodstock (Panopea zelandica ) conditioned under different temperature and feeding regimes

“…These results reflect the differences in fatty acid composition between the cultivated monocultures of T. lutea and C. muelleri provided to the treatment animals and the diet provided to the initial and reference groups, which was a mixed microalgal diet naturally growing in the pond water (contained a dominance of S. costatum and Thalassiosira spp.). Thus, C22:6n-3 is associated with oogenesis and embryogenesis (Ehteshami, Christianus, Rameshi, Harmin & Saad 2011), where it plays a major role in the structure and function of cell membranes involved in these reproductive processes (Soudant et al 1996;Utting & Millican 1998). Deficiencies in C22:6n-3 have been shown to result in poor conditioning in other bivalves, such as the clam Donax trunculus (Mart ınez-Pita, Hachero-Cruzado, S anchez-Lazo & Moreno 2012) and the scallop Pecten maximus (Soudant, Moal, Marty & Samain 1996).…”

“…In addition, reproductive maturation has been shown to be attained with high proportions of C22:6n-3 and C20:4n-6 (Baptista, Repolho, Maulvault, Lopes, Narciso, Marques, Bandarra & Rosa 2014). Thus, C22:6n-3 is associated with oogenesis and embryogenesis (Ehteshami, Christianus, Rameshi, Harmin & Saad 2011), where it plays a major role in the structure and function of cell membranes involved in these reproductive processes (Soudant et al 1996;Utting & Millican 1998). Similarly, C20:4n-6 is incorporated into oocytes during maturation (Marty, Delaunay, Moal & Samain 1992;Soudant et al 1996) and is a precursor of eicosanoids, including prostaglandins, which influence reproductive development in bivalves (Hurtado, Reza, Ibarra, Wille, Sorgeloos, Soudant & Palacios 2009).…”

Quantification of eggs and sperm in the Black-lip pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

“…In their monitoring, the ripe females lost 4-11% of the tissue weight during the spawning, although the number of eggs released from the spawning event was unknown. Ehteshami et al [39] also estimated fecundity of the BLP oysters in the Persian Gulf by counting the number of eggs released from spawning females. According to Ehteshami et al [39], female P. margaritifera conditioned at a hatchery for 24 days yielded 2.5-20.0 million eggs during spawning.…”

“…Ehteshami et al [39] also estimated fecundity of the BLP oysters in the Persian Gulf by counting the number of eggs released from spawning females. According to Ehteshami et al [39], female P. margaritifera conditioned at a hatchery for 24 days yielded 2.5-20.0 million eggs during spawning. Regarding these, although many researchers tried to quantify the RE of pearl oyster species, but those methods described above have some disadvantages.…”