The Effects of Dietary Wheat and Corn Glutens on the Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Structure of the Ovarian Tissue and Serum and Ovarian Tissue LH and FSH Levels and Lipid Profiles in Rats

Abstract

This study was aimed at determining the effects of corn and wheat glutens on the histopathological and immunohistochemical structure of the ovarian tissue, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, and lipid profile in rats. Twenty-day-old 24 female Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to three groups, and were raised until 185 days of age. Three study groups, named as Wheat, Corn and Soybean Groups, were established and fed on wheat gluten, corn gluten and soybean meal, respectively, as a protein source. At the end of the trial, ovarian tissue specimens and serum samples were taken from the animals, and analyzed. Compared to Soybean Group, in Wheat Group, of the ovarian histopathological parameters investigated, values pertaining to the primordial, primary, secondary, and Graafian follicles and corpora lutea (CL) were numerically smaller, and for the immunohistochemical parameters investigated, in the transglutaminase 2 (TGM2), gliadin, IgA, IgM, CD4 and CD8 were immunopositivity higher (P>0.05). It was determined that, in Wheat Group, ovarian tissue LH levels had significantly decreased, whilst serum HIGHLIGHTS• The cereals are a significant food source for both humans and animals.• The balanced nutrition is critical to the development of the reproductive system.• The serum lipid profile is critical to the development of multiple diseases.• Dietary gluten has effects on the immunohistochemical structure of the ovarian tissue.

Dietary composition influences sperm quality and testis damage via endoplasmic reticulum stress in lambs

“…On the other hand, Imik et al. ( 2023 ) reported that wheat gluten fed from 21 days of age to 185 days of age resulted in an increase in FSH levels of serum tissue and LH levels of ovarian tissue in the groups fed corn gluten and soybean meal, whereas FSH and LH levels of ovarian tissue were not influenced. In our study, serum FSH levels were significantly higher in Control G than in Wheat G and Corn G, whereas LH levels were similar between the groups.…”

“…It is well known that balanced nutrition is very important in the development of the reproductive system (Gumus et al., 2020 ; Imik, 2019 ; Imik et al., 2023 ; Qi et al., 2019 ; Ye et al., 2022 ). Ye et al.…”

“…It is well established that nutrition has a significant impact on hormonal metabolism (Gumus et al., 2020 ; Imik, 2019 ; Imik et al., 2023 ; Qi et al., 2019 ; Ye et al., 2022 ). Follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) is released from the pituitary gland in the brain and travels to the testicle through the bloodstream.…”

The effect of adding wheat and corn gluten to the diet of rats on the autoimmune and histopathological parameters in the intestine and liver

“…ab80436, Cambridge, UK). After three washes with 0.1% Tween 20 in PBS, the sections were incubated with 3,3-diaminobenzidine (Dako Cytomation, Glostrup, Denmark) and counterstained with Mayer' s hematoxylin (Dako Cytomation) [12,13].…”

“…Degeneration, inflammation and biliary hyperplasia were observed in this study in liver tissue similar to the above findings; it was determined that the degeneration parameter increased only in the Wheat group while disease was thought to only affect the intestines in previous studies. However, in recent studies, it has been reported that the disease also affects organs such as the liver, skin, brain and ovarian [13,15]. For this reason, it is observed that celiac disease causes multiple organ disorders [16].…”