The effects of different extracts of Glycine max (L.) Merr. on primordial, primary and secondary follicles

Abstract

1 ÖzAmaç: Soya (Glycine max L.)'ın dişi üreme sistemi üzerine etkileri araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem:Soya bitkisi n-hekzan, etil asetat ve etanol ekstrak edilerek ratlara oral yolla 1 ay süre ile 100 ve 200 mg/kg dozlarında (SID) verildi. Ratların diöstrus durumu vajinal smear yöntemi ile menstrual siklus gözlenerek belir-lendi. Deneme sürecinin sonunda hayvanlar ötenazi edildi. Üreme sistemi organları stereolojik yöntemlerle ratlardan alınarak analiz edildi. Ovaryumdaki foliküller stereolojik ola-rak optik disektör metodu ile sayıldı. Ovaryum ve uterusun ağırlığı da değerlendirildi.Bulgular: 200 mg/kg dozunda soya etanol ekstresi verilen ratların genital sisteminde bazı değişiklikler meydana geldi. Test gruplarında vajinal açıklık arttı, önemli bir ağırlık artışı gözlenmezken uterin hiperemi oluştuğu belirlendi. Relatif ovaryum ağırlığı, uterus ağırlığı arttı ve epitelyal hücrele-rin irileştiği gözlendi. Primordial, primer folikül sayılarında tüm gruplarda önemli bir fark gözlenmedi. Sekonder folikül çapı azalırken sekonder foliküllerin sayısı 200 mg/kg etanol ekstresi verilen grupta, kontrol grubuna kıyasla arttığı belir-lendi. İzoflavon içeriği aktif ekstrakt üzerinde yüksek basınç kromatografi (HPLC) tekniği kullanılarak belirlendi. Etanol ekstraktında daidzein ve genistein miktarlarısırasıyla 3.851 µg/g ve 3.127 µg/g olarak belirlendi.Öneri: Soya bitkisi fitoöstrojenlerin dişi genital sistemi üze-rine doza bağlı olarak etkileri olabileceği ifade edilebilir. Materials and Methods:n-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol extracts of soya plant were administered to the rats by oral route at 100 and 200 mg/kg doses (SID) for 1 month. By mo-nitoring the menstrual cycle with vaginal smear method, di-estrus stage of the rats were determined. At the end of expe-rimental period the animals were euthanized. Genital system organs taken of rats were analyzed by stereological methods. Follicules were counted with optical dissector method in the ovaryum stereologically, the weights of the ovaries, uterus were also evaluated.Results: Some changes occured in genital system of the rats which were given at 200 mg/kg dose of soy ethanol extract. In test groups vaginal aperture increased, uterine appeared likehyperemia while significant weight increase did not oc-cur. The weight of relative ovarium, uterus weight increased, coarsening of epithelial cells was observed. No significant difference was observed in all groups regarding the numbers of primordial, primary follicles. Diameter of secondaryfol-licule reduced while the number of secondary follicule inc-reased in 200 mg/ kg ethanol extract administered group, when compared to control group. The amount of isoflavone content was determined by using high pressure liquid chro-matography technique on the active extract. The amount of daidzein, genistein were found to be 3.851 µg/gand 3.127 µg/g, respectively in the ethanol extract. Conclusion:It could be stated that phytoestrogens in soya plant dose-dependently affect the female genital system.

Fenugreek seeds estrogenic activity in ovariectomized female rats

“…Similar estrogenic activities have been noted in other studies, notably the effects of macerated aqueous extracts leaves of Holarrhena floribunda L. [21], and of the methanolic and aqueous extracts of Ficus asperifolia L. [26] or treatment with different extracts of Glycine max L. [27]. The estrogenic properties of these plants might be due to the common presence of flavonoids (12.68 to 17.6 mg quercetin/g, 39.90 mg Rutin equivalent/g and 0.68 to 2.13 mg quercetin/g, respectively) [21,[26][27][28][29][30]. Concentrations of total phytoestrogens in our tested fenugreek extracts (450 and 900 mg/kg/day) were 16.87 to 22.91 mg eq quercetin equivalents/g, respectively.…”

“…Comparable results were obtained with methanolic extracts of Millettia conraui bark, leaves of Bridelia ferruginea [32], and also onion extract [36]. More pronounced uterotrophic effects, mainly resulting in proliferation of endometrial and myometrial cells, were obtained by treating ovariectomized female rats with different soy extracts [27,37]. This uterotrophic effect of estrogens or compounds with estrogen-like activity has been described as biphasic.…”