The Effects of Different Factors on the Behavior of Neural Stem Cells

Huang, Lixiang; Wang, Gan

doi:10.1155/2017/9497325

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…The proliferation of NSCs in an in vitro culture condition can only be maintained when cells are supported by essential growth factors. Among these, brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF) [ 68 ] and epidermal growth factor (EGF) are very important [ 69 ]. In the absence of growth factors, such as EGF and FGF, NSCs failed to proliferate and died within a few days of culture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Troxerutin flavonoid has neuroprotective properties and increases neurite outgrowth and migration of neural stem cells from the subventricular zone

et al. 2020

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Troxerutin (TRX) is a water-soluble flavonoid which occurs commonly in the edible plants. Recent studies state that TRX improves the functionality of the nervous system and neutralizes Amyloid-ß induced neuronal toxicity. In this study, an in vitro assay based upon Neural stem cell (NSCs) isolated from the subventricular zone of the postnatal balb/c mice was established to explore the impact of TRX on individual neurogenesis processes in general and neuroprotective effect against ß-amyloid 1-42 (Aß42) induced inhibition in differentiation in particular. NSCs were identified exploiting immunostaining of the NSCs markers. Neurosphere clonogenic assay and BrdU/Ki67 immunostaining were employed to unravel the impact of TRX on proliferation. Differentiation experiments were carried out for a time span lasting from 48 h to 7 days utilizing ß-tubulin III and GFAP as neuronal and astrocyte marker respectively. Protective effects of TRX on Aß42 induced depression of NSCs differentiation were determined after 48 h of application. A neurosphere migration assay was carried out for 24 h in the presence and absence of TRX. Interestingly, TRX enhanced neuronal differentiation of NSCs in a dose-dependent manner after 48 h and 7 days of incubation and significantly enhanced neurite growth. A higher concentration of TRX also neutralized the inhibitory effects of Aß42 on neurite outgrowth and length after 48 h of incubation. TRX significantly stimulated cell migration. Overall, TRX not only promoted NSCs differentiation and migration but also neutralized the inhibitory effects of Aß42 on NSCs. TRX, therefore, offers an interesting lead structure from the perspective of drug design especially to promote neurogenesis in neurological disorders i.e. Alzheimer's disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…factors (BDNF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF) [68] and epidermal growth factor (EGF) are very important [69]. In the absence of growth factors, such as EGF and FGF, NSCs failed to proliferate and died within a few days of culture.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Troxerutin flavonoid has neuroprotective properties and increases neurite outgrowth and migration of neural stem cells from the subventricular zone

et al. 2020

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“…Therefore, clarifying the factors that regulate the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs is key to the successful use of NSCs in the treatment of central nervous system injury. Identifying factors that can influence the differentiation of NSCs to neurons has become a hot topic for many researchers [31][32][33][34][35]. The effects of neurotrophic factors, NGFs and cell cycle-associated proteins on the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs have been reported in detail.…”

Section: Immunostaining Of Cell Type-specific Biomarkers In Differentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of crude venom from the spiderChilobrachys jingzhaoon the proliferation and differentiation of C17.2 neural stem cells

Huang

Meng

et al. 2018

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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Neural stem cells (NSCs) have the ability to differentiate into neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. They are self-renewing and sufficient to provide large amounts of brain tissue cells. NSCs have promising application prospects for the treatment of central nervous system diseases. Spider toxins are important tools for use in neurobiology and neuropharmacology. In this study, a Cell Counting Kit (CCK-8), immunofluorescence staining, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting were used to qualitatively and quantitatively analyse the effects of different concentrations (1, 10 and 20 lg/mL) of Chilobrachys jingzhao crude venom on the proliferation and differentiation of C17.2 cells in vitro. At low concentrations, C. jingzhao crude venom did not significantly inhibit the proliferation of NSCs; however, the highest concentration of 20 lg/mL partially inhibited the NSC proliferation. In the differentiation medium, addition of C. jingzhao crude venom effectively promoted the differentiation of NSCs towards neuronal cells, with a final concentration of 10 lg/mL having the most obvious effect. These results suggest that C. jingzhao crude venom exerts a regulatory effect on the proliferation and differentiation of C17.2 cells. Therefore, spider venom can be used as an 'ammunition library' to find factors that regulate the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs, laying the groundwork for the application of NSCs in the treatment of central nervous system diseases.

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“…During development, the central nervous system is generated from a small number of neural stem cells 25 , and cell division, migration, differentiation into neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, neurite outgrowth and synapse formation proceed in a well-ordered manner. Dysregulation of any of these vital processes due to either genetic causes or environmental exposures may lead to disabilities or disease later in life 26 . Brain development is regulated by epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, and early-life exposure to environmental contaminants may impair neural stem cells reprogramming through epigenetic alterations, which could result in long-term consequences in the adult brain 27 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hippocampal neural stem cells are more susceptible to the neurotoxin BMAA than primary neurons: effects on apoptosis, cellular differentiation, neurite outgrowth, and DNA methylation

2020

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Developmental exposure to the environmental neurotoxin β-N-methylamino-l-alanine (BMAA), a proposed risk factor for neurodegenerative disease, can induce long-term cognitive impairments and neurodegeneration in rats. While rodent studies have demonstrated a low transfer of BMAA to the adult brain, this toxin is capable to cross the placental barrier and accumulate in the fetal brain. Here, we investigated the differential susceptibility of primary neuronal cells and neural stem cells from fetal rat hippocampus to BMAA toxicity. Exposure to 250 µM BMAA induced cell death in neural stem cells through caspase-independent apoptosis, while the proliferation of primary neurons was reduced only at 3 mM BMAA. At the lowest concentrations tested (50 and 100 µM), BMAA disrupted neural stem cell differentiation and impaired neurite development in neural stem cell-derived neurons (e.g., reduced neurite length, the number of processes and branches per cell). BMAA induced no alterations of the neurite outgrowth in primary neurons. This demonstrates that neural stem cells are more susceptible to BMAA exposure than primary neurons. Importantly, the changes induced by BMAA in neural stem cells were mitotically inherited to daughter cells. The persistent nature of the BMAA-induced effects may be related to epigenetic alterations that interfere with the neural stem cell programming, as BMAA exposure reduced the global DNA methylation in the cells. These findings provide mechanistic understanding of how early-life exposure to BMAA may lead to adverse long-term consequences, and potentially predispose for neurodevelopmental disorders or neurodegenerative disease later in life.

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The Effects of Different Factors on the Behavior of Neural Stem Cells

Cited by 23 publications

References 116 publications

Troxerutin flavonoid has neuroprotective properties and increases neurite outgrowth and migration of neural stem cells from the subventricular zone

Troxerutin flavonoid has neuroprotective properties and increases neurite outgrowth and migration of neural stem cells from the subventricular zone

Effect of crude venom from the spiderChilobrachys jingzhaoon the proliferation and differentiation of C17.2 neural stem cells

Hippocampal neural stem cells are more susceptible to the neurotoxin BMAA than primary neurons: effects on apoptosis, cellular differentiation, neurite outgrowth, and DNA methylation

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