The effects of different feeding rates and re-feeding of Litopenaeus vannamei in a biofloc culture system

Lara, Gabriele; Hostins, Bárbara; Bezerra, Aline Sobreira; Poersch, Luís; Wasielesky, Wilson

doi:10.1016/j.aquaeng.2017.02.003

Cited by 40 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…However, the fasting did not affect negatively shrimp survival and they probably used the biofloc in an attempt to meet their energy requirement for maintenance. Similarly, Lara et al () found that Litopenaeus vannamei reared in BFT system and subjected to greater feeding restrictions had lower final weight but survival was not compromised. In the present study, survival was even higher in the feeding restriction treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Compensatory growth and digestive enzyme activity of Litopenaeus vannamei submitted to feeding restriction in a biofloc system

Rocha¹,

Silva²,

Barros³

et al. 2019

Aquac Res

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Feeding restriction is a strategy in shrimp farming management that may promote compensatory growth after feeding is re‐established. This study aims to evaluate the effects of two feeding restriction regimens on the compensatory growth and digestive enzymes activity of Litopenaeus vannamei reared in biofloc system. Juvenile shrimp (0.46 ± 0.18 g) were stocked (320 individuals/m3) in 310 L tanks. The experiment comprised two phases: (a) Feeding Restriction (30 days) when shrimp were submitted to three feeding regimes, Control (fed daily), R1F1 (repetitively fasted one day and fed one day) and R2F1 (repetitively fasted 2 days and fed 1 day); and (b) Refeeding (28 days) when shrimp were fed daily. In the restriction phase, shrimp growth and digestive enzyme activities were reduced in R2F1 and R1F1. However, during the refeeding phase, enzyme activities and feed conversion improve significantly in R2F1 and R1F1. Control group attained higher final weight, but its final biomass was similar to R1F1. Litopenaeus vannamei exhibited partial compensatory growth, probably due to improved feed conversion efficiency driven by increased enzyme activity. It is possible to reduce feeding by 50% (R1F1) in biofloc systems for 28 days, without compromising the biomass produced at the end of a 30‐day refeeding period.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Compensatory growth and digestive enzyme activity of Litopenaeus vannamei submitted to feeding restriction in a biofloc system

Rocha¹,

Silva²,

Barros³

et al. 2019

Aquac Res

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“…The biofloc system may also have influenced the enzyme activity in this study as it has the capacity to produce a large bacterial biomass (Ebelling et al., ), as well as it is constantly available for shrimp consumption (Lara et al., ). These bacteria accounts for water quality maintenance, contributes to floc formulation that is also a food source for shrimp, can act as probiotics and has the ability to produce a large diversity of exoenzymes with the function of breaking down organic compounds and, thus, help digestion (Moriarty, ; Tacon et al., ; Wasielesky et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experiment lasted 35 days and consisted of four treatments with three repetitions each, corresponding to the following feeding frequencies and respective times: one time a day at 8:00 a.m.; two times a day at 8:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m.; three times a day at 8:00 a.m.; 12:00 noon and 4:00 p.m.; and four times a day at 8:00 a.m., 10:00 a.m., 12:00 noon and 4:00 p.m. These diurnal feeding practices are typical for L. vannamei nursery in Brazil (Lara et al., ; Silva et al., ). Postlarvae were fed commercial feed with 420G crude protein per kilo feed (Purina, São Lourenço da Mata, Brazil) at the corresponding feeding frequency and adjusted according to Jory ().…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Feeding frequency control in shrimp farming, besides avoiding feed waste and water degradation, may improve animal growth and survival (Lara, Hostins, Bezerra, Poersch, & Wasielesky, ). These benefits are generally achieved by dividing the daily ration into three or more portions, but results vary for different species and culture systems and there has been no further analysis of the digestive processes involved (Araújo & Valenti, ; Smith, Burford, Tabrett, Irvin, & Ward, ; Velasco, Lawrence, & Castille, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of feeding frequency on growth and enzymatic activity ofLitopenaeus vannameiduring nursery phase in biofloc system

et al. 2017

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This study evaluated the zootechnical performance and enzymatic activity of Litopenaeus vannamei reared at different feeding frequencies during the nursery phase in biofloc system. The experiment consisted of four treatments, corresponding to the feeding frequencies of one, two, three and four times a day. Twelve-day postlarvae (PL12) were stocked in 12 circular tanks at a density of 3,000/m 2 for 35 days. These tanks were connected to a recirculation system supplied by a matrix tank where biofloc management was carried out. Water quality remained within acceptable limits for the species over the experiment. Food frequencies had no influence on survival (88.5-92.7%) and feed conversion ratio (1.5-1.7), but the final mean weight (0.43-0.56 g) was significantly higher in shrimp fed three times a day. This fact is probably associated with amylase (14.58 U/mg) and trypsin (23.84 U/mg) activities, as well as the significant increase of chymotrypsin (11.74 U/mg) and lipase (1.27 U/mg) in shrimp of this treatment at the end of culture period. Feeding three times a day provided the highest enzymatic activity and the best zootechnical performance of L. vannamei during the nursery phase in biofloc system. K E Y W O R D Sbiofloc, enzyme, feeding, growth, shrimp

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“…Overfeeding generally results in higher production costs and has negative effects on fish or crayfish growth. Currently, lower feeding levels are recommended by many authors, and some studies suggest that natural food items in ponds can save up to 24.79%–50% of the artificial feed, for instance, in L. vannamei culture (Gamboa‐Delgado, Pena‐Rodriguez, Ricque‐Marie, & Cruz‐Suarez, ; Lara, Hostins, Bezerra, Poersch, & Wasielesky, ; Roy, Davis, & Whitis, ). Results from numerous experiments on fish have also demonstrated that reducing feeding levels to 65% satiation for Scophthalmus maximus (Van Ham et al, ), and to 90% satiation for P. olivaceus (Cho et al, ) does not reduce their production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth performance and muscle composition response to reduced feeding levels in juvenile red swamp crayfishProcambarus clarkii(Girard, 1852)

et al. 2019

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Overfeeding in aquaculture can lead to suboptimal growth and increased production costs. Red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, is one of the most noteworthy species cultured in China, but little information is available on the optimal feeding levels of this species, especially in ponds cultured with macrophytes. In this study, we tested the effects of five different feeding levels (20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% satiation) of an artificial diet on growth performance and muscle composition of juvenile P. clarkii in 15 concrete ponds cultured with the macrophyte Hydrilla verticillata (three replicates for each treatment). The results showed that growth performance decreased only when feeding levels were below 60% satiation. Muscle composition analysis revealed that the moisture and ash contents of muscle did not vary significantly with feeding levels but that the lipid and protein contents of muscle significantly decreased when P. clarkii was fed to 40% satiation. Stable isotope analysis suggested a shift in crayfish diets to easily available H. verticillata when feeding levels decreased. With this study, we hope to encourage crayfish farmers to reduce feeding levels and increase natural food items such as macrophytes in cultured ponds to maximize crayfish yields and reduce production costs.

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The effects of different feeding rates and re-feeding of Litopenaeus vannamei in a biofloc culture system

Cited by 40 publications

References 44 publications

Compensatory growth and digestive enzyme activity of Litopenaeus vannamei submitted to feeding restriction in a biofloc system

Compensatory growth and digestive enzyme activity of Litopenaeus vannamei submitted to feeding restriction in a biofloc system

Effect of feeding frequency on growth and enzymatic activity ofLitopenaeus vannameiduring nursery phase in biofloc system

Growth performance and muscle composition response to reduced feeding levels in juvenile red swamp crayfishProcambarus clarkii(Girard, 1852)

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