2018
DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25302
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The effects of direct‐acting antiviral agents on the frequency of myeloid‐derived suppressor cells and natural killer cells in patients with chronic hepatitis C

Abstract: Currently, hepatitis C antiviral therapy is entering a new era with the use of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents. However, the precise immunological influences of DAA therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) are insufficiently understood. This study aimed to investigate the effects of DAA therapy on the frequency of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), T lymphocytes, and natural killer (NK) cells in patients with CHC. Thirty-two treatment-naive CHC patients were treated with DAA therapy, and … Show more

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Cited by 11 publications
(16 citation statements)
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“…Interestingly, when measuring single parameters of NK cell “health”, both phenotype and function seem to partly, or fully, normalize upon viral clearance. This includes reversal of an aberrant phenotype with normalized expression of activation and inhibitory receptors such as NKp30, NKp46, TRAIL, and NKG2A ( 46 , 47 , 49 , 50 , 80 ). This reversal in NK cell phenotype happened within months after viral clearance and was also associated with restored NK cell function ( 46 , 49 , 50 , 81 ).…”
Section: Impact Of Chronic Hcv and Clearance Thereof On Nk Cellsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Interestingly, when measuring single parameters of NK cell “health”, both phenotype and function seem to partly, or fully, normalize upon viral clearance. This includes reversal of an aberrant phenotype with normalized expression of activation and inhibitory receptors such as NKp30, NKp46, TRAIL, and NKG2A ( 46 , 47 , 49 , 50 , 80 ). This reversal in NK cell phenotype happened within months after viral clearance and was also associated with restored NK cell function ( 46 , 49 , 50 , 81 ).…”
Section: Impact Of Chronic Hcv and Clearance Thereof On Nk Cellsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Intriguingly, the altered NK cell diversity appeared irreversible since it persisted for at least two years after clearance of chronic HCV. Thus, distinct from single measurements of NK cell function, that appears to normalize upon clearance of a chronic pathogen ( 46 , 47 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 80 ) global affection on the NK cell compartment still remain for years ( 52 ). The impact of altered NK cell diversity on an individual’s immunological health in the longer perspective should now be the focus in future studies.…”
Section: Impact Of Chronic Hcv and Clearance Thereof On Nk Cellsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This may pose at risk SVR patients for re-infections, low response to vaccination as well as for susceptibility to other infections and tumors. For instance, recent studies describe the presence of occult HCV infection in some patients (Attar and Van Thiel, 2015; Elmasry et al, 2017) and the recurrence of HCC (Reig et al, 2016; Guarino et al, 2018; Singh et al, 2018), despite SVR after treatment with DAAs, although other reports failed in finding this association (Guarino et al, 2018; Li et al, 2019). Nonetheless, the increased levels of pro-inflammatory chemokines and hyperactivated T cells of DAA-treated patients, as well as the higher percentage of M-MDSCs, could all contribute to the development of hepatic and extrahepatic tumors (Solito et al, 2014; Makarova-Rusher et al, 2015).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Another flaviviral inhibitor NITD008, an adenosine analog inhibiting the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity through chain-termination [137], has been shown to reduce the Zika virus replication in placenta, and fetal infection, thus minimizing the risk of maternal-fetal transmission of ZIKV [27]. There are few studies investigating innate immunity during antiviral therapy, especially when its concern to Flaviviridae family [38,135,138,139]. Scarce literature revealed knowledge about antiviral therapy immune effects only during hepatitis C infection [138,139].…”
Section: Direct-acting Antiviral Therapy Based On Rna-dependent Rna Pmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…There are few studies investigating innate immunity during antiviral therapy, especially when its concern to Flaviviridae family [38,135,138,139]. Scarce literature revealed knowledge about antiviral therapy immune effects only during hepatitis C infection [138,139]. Antiviral drugs, as pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN), ribavirin, and direct-acting antiviral agents (DAA) have been related with a reduction of innate regulatory cells, as MDSC, in peripheral blood from hepatitis C chronic patients, in which T cells were increased and immune function was reestablished [138,139].…”
Section: Direct-acting Antiviral Therapy Based On Rna-dependent Rna Pmentioning
confidence: 99%