The effects of drug detection training on behavioral reactivity and blood neurotransmitter levels in drug detection dogs: A preliminary study

Riva, J.; Marelli, S.P.; Redaelli, Veronica; Bondiolotti, Gianpietro; Sforzini, E.; Santoro, Michele Matteo; Carenzi, C.; Verga, M.; Luzi, F.

doi:10.1016/j.jveb.2011.04.002

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…This is of concern, as previous studies correlating behavioral problems with the emotional profile in pet dogs have used this method for measuring serotonin and catecholamines. 6,7 We also note a widespread absence of CVs in published studies examining the relationship between blood or other sources of bioamines and problem behavior. 8 This is a standard metric used to assess the reliability of the analysis and should be considered essential in any such report.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Unreliability of EDTA samples for measuring bioamine neurotransmitter levels in cats

Ramos

Reche-Júnior

Brandão

et al. 2020

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of an EDTA-based method for measuring cat blood bioamines. Methods Test 1 involved collecting blood samples from seven university laboratory cats. The samples were transferred to EDTA, heparin and plain tubes to determine concentrations of four bioamines (serotonin, dopamine, epinephrine [adrenaline] and norepinephrine [noradrenaline]). Correlation of measurements performed on EDTA plasma, with those performed on heparinized plasma or serum were assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). In test 2, blood samples from five owned cats were collected and stored in EDTA tubes and divided between duplicate Eppendorf tubes labeled as different cats for blinding purposes and analyzed independently for the same four bioamines as in test 1. Reliability of concentration determination for these duplicates was assessed by ICCs and coefficients of variation (CVs). Results In test 1, there was no significant correlation between the EDTA plasma serotonin and serum serotonin concentrations. There was also no significant correlation between EDTA plasma and heparin plasma concentrations for either epinephrine or norepinephrine. There was a statistically significant but weak correlation between EDTA plasma and heparin plasma dopamine concentrations. In test 2, there was no correlation for repeat-analyzed serotonin and epinephrine concentrations. Although there were statistically significant correlations for dopamine and norepinephrine, CVs for each analyte were in excess of 30%. Conclusions and relevance Before any further attempt is made to measure and report on neurotransmitter concentrations in domestic cats, it is essential that the robustness of the methodology is carefully validated and the data presented.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Unreliability of EDTA samples for measuring bioamine neurotransmitter levels in cats

Ramos

Reche-Júnior

Brandão

et al. 2020

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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“…Dogs have been utilized for a myriad of professional detection jobs for items such as explosive devices (1)(2)(3), narcotics (4,5), semen stains for crime scenes (6), human odor (7)(8)(9)(10)(11), cancer (12)(13)(14), and conservation (15)(16)(17)(18)(19). Dogs are also utilized for non-professional detection jobs such as bird hunting (20) and sport detection in the United States and in growing sport detection dog organizations across the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Handler Knowledge of the Detection Task on Canine Search Behavior and Performance

2020

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Detection dogs are commonly trained and tested under conditions in which the handler or the evaluator knows the true presence or absence of a target odor. Previous research has demonstrated that when handlers are deceived and led to believe that a target odor is present, more false alerts occur. However, many detection teams operate under unknown conditions, and it remains unclear how handler knowledge (or lack thereof) of odor presence/absence influences the dog's behavior. The aim of this study was to evaluate if knowing the number of hides placed influenced detection dog performance in an applied search environment. Professional (n = 20) and sport (n = 39) detection handler-dog teams were asked to search three separate areas (area 1 had one hide, area 2 had one hide, area 3 was blank). Handlers in the Unknown Group were not told any information on the number of hides whereas the Known Group were told there was a total of two hides in the three areas. The sport Unknown Group spent a longer duration (69.04 s) searching in area 3 compared to the sport Known Group (p = 0.004). Further, sport dogs in the Unknown group looked back to the handler more frequently. When a miss did occur, dogs of both sport and professional handlers showed an increase interest in the location of the target odor compared to a comparison location. Critically, however, there was no difference in false alerts between the Known Group and Unknown Group for sport or professional handlers. In a second experiment, fourteen professional, and thirty-nine sport teams from Experiment 1 conducted an additional search double-blind and an additional search single-blind. Both sport and professional-handler dog teams had statistically similar accuracy rate under single and double blind conditions. Overall, when handlers knew the number of hides, it led to significant changes in search behavior of the detection team but did not influence the overall false alert rates.

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“…Our investigation of reliabilty is very important to prevent incorrect inferences (due to unreliable measures) in future studies. A recently published paper about the effects of drug detection training on dog reactivity used antioxidant containing tubes to store samples later analysed for catecholamines and serotonie (RIVA et al, 2012).…”

Section: Physiological Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This research was conducted by the same group which back in 2008 used EDTA with no antioxidant tubes for storing blood samples (RIVA et al, 2008). Curiously, in the recent paper (RIVA et al, 2012) nothing was mentioned about either the reliability of the measures in the former research (RIVA et al, 2008) or why they changed their methodology.…”

Section: Physiological Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of medical, behavioural and physiological aspects of domestic cats (Felis catus) with inappropriate urination

Ramos¹

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Twelve years ago, when the perspective of a vet career was not fulfilling me and I was about to give up on everything, you opened me a window to a fascinating world: the secret life of animals. Since then, we haven´t stopped in our incredible journey exploring the mind of our canine friends. We researched together, we laughed together, and together we took "incredible" 8 years to publish our so expected Sofia´s paper! The first step had been completed, but there was a lot to come. Your enthusiasm, geniality and partnership have been strongly missed. Your great lessons will be kept fresh in my mind and heart whilst carrying on doing research with joy, dedication and creativity as you always taught. You are not here to celebrate this moment but whenever you are please receive my special thanks for everything. We certainly talked a lot about canine behaviour in the past decade-all that stuff surely warmed me up to go decipher cats too! samples processed there. Marie Odile, thanks for all the guidance during samples preparation and for the theoretical discussions. Thanks to Prof. Dulce Casarini, and her post-doctorate students Juliana e Daniela, from Federal São Paulo University, who kindly and promptly accepted analyzing the cats´ blood samples when problems at our faculty made the analysis impossible. Thanks to Angelica, Paty and Nina, my great friends from the Psychology Institute, for the help with the writing-up, the videos´analysis and the so called social "trees", respectively. We started at the same time and with the same goal, and together we are in all the crucial moments in our careers. Our meetings, full of chatting and lots of joy helped me all way throw the taught writing-up period. A special thanks to people from our laboratory, Clara, Cleide and Claudia, who since the beginning were very friendly and helpful. To Carlito who amazingly collected all blood samples with no stress (at least for the humans!). Thanks Marcela for all the papers and hints on urinary stuff! Thanks to Evelyse and Claudio, my special "virgo" friends. With our so similar way to work, a lesson I learnt: it is ok to be a perfectionist! Working together during the international seminars was great! Guys, reference list and photos turned to be really perfect! Thanks to Cida and Adelaide, who were so comprehensive and supportive whenever I dealt with paper work, deadlines, and examinations. Thanks to Prof. Carlos Eduardo Larsson,

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The effects of drug detection training on behavioral reactivity and blood neurotransmitter levels in drug detection dogs: A preliminary study

Cited by 12 publications

References 86 publications

Unreliability of EDTA samples for measuring bioamine neurotransmitter levels in cats

Unreliability of EDTA samples for measuring bioamine neurotransmitter levels in cats

Effect of Handler Knowledge of the Detection Task on Canine Search Behavior and Performance

Evaluation of medical, behavioural and physiological aspects of domestic cats (Felis catus) with inappropriate urination

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