“…Transcriptomic changes associated with oxidative stress were more prominent at 4 hours of exposure, suggesting early adaptive mechanisms and antioxidant responses that varied based on the intensity of exposure [ 13 ]. Moreover, in a mouse model exposed to an intensive puffing regime of HTPs, characterized by 5 hours of exposure per day over a 2-week period, significant increases in proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and CD4+RORγt + T cells were observed in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid [ [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] ]. These findings shed light on the underlying cellular mechanisms contributing to various inflammatory pathologies like organizing pneumonia in our case, respiratory infections, inflammation, autoimmune diseases, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).…”