The Effects of Electrical Stimulation Pulse Duration on Lingual Palatal Pressure Measures During Swallowing in Healthy Older Adults

J of Oral Rehabilitation

Crary³

et al. 2022

Self Cite

Background: Limited knowledge exists regarding whether transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES)-based exercise can improve the lingual pressure generation. Objectives:To compare the effect of submental TES with two different pulse durations (PD) coupled with isometric lingual exercises on lingual pressure measures.Methods: Twenty-eight healthy volunteers were divided into two submental TES groups: short PD (300 μs) and long PD (700 μs). The Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI) was used for lingual pressure measurements and exercise. In total, participants attended six exercise sessions 3 days per week for 2 consecutive weeks. Maximum and swallowing lingual pressures were measured 1 h following each exercise session and 3 days after the final session to assess any detraining effect. Data were analysed using repeated measure ANOVA.Results: Mean maximum lingual pressure change was significantly greater in TES with short PD versus the long PD condition following the first week of exercise. Following the 2-week exercise, a significant increase was found in mean maximum lingual pressure for short and long PD conditions compared with the baseline. However, no significant difference was found between PD conditions for maximum lingual pressure.Likewise, no significant differences in swallowing lingual pressure were found compared with the baseline or across the two TES conditions. Conclusion:Although short PD induced greater gain in maximum lingual pressure than the long PD after week 1, the enhanced effect faded after week 2, leading to a comparable increase in maximum lingual pressure for both groups. However, increased gain in maximum lingual pressure was not transferred to lingual pressure during swallowing.

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Backg Rou N Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Transcutaneous electrical stimulation as a resistance force in lingual exercise: A preliminary proof‐of‐concept study

Takahashi

J of Oral Rehabilitation

Crary³

et al. 2022

Self Cite

“…In a follow-up study, the same group of authors tested the effect of submental TES with varying pulse durations on lingual-palatal pressure measures during swallowing. They reported that using short pulse duration significantly decreased lingual-palatal pressure compared with long pulse duration [28]. This finding was also replicated in another study.…”

Section: Effects Of Tes On Physiological Aspects Of Swallowingmentioning

confidence: 64%

Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation and Dysphagia Rehabilitation: A Narrative Review

Rehabilitation Research and Practice

2020

Self Cite

Transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES) was introduced as a modality for dysphagia rehabilitation more than a decade ago. The underlying premise of this modality is improving the structural movements and enhancing neural activation based on stimulation-induced muscle contractions. However, divisive evidence exists regarding the effectiveness of this treatment modality. This manuscript reviews current evidence regarding the effects of transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES) on clinical and physiological aspects of swallowing function. Furthermore, this narrative review delineates the knowledge gap in this area and recommends future research roadmap. This review gives a comprehensive picture regarding current knowledge of TES to practicing speech and language pathologists and interested researchers. It highlights the need for more robust studies in this area. It also encourages researchers to focus more on the physiologic studies to understand the physiologic underpinning behind this treatment modality.

“…18,19 This enhanced stimulation might penetrate the deeper swallowing muscles optimising the TES-based dysphagia rehabilitation. 20 For example, recent studies indicated that using submental TES with a short pulse duration put the hyoid in a more forward position before swallowing onset and reduced the range of anterior hyoid excursion during swallowing, which can facilitate swallowing. [21][22][23] However, a research gap existed regarding the effect of this protocol on temporal measures of LVC.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Submental transcutaneous electrical stimulation can impact the timing of laryngeal vestibule closure

J of Oral Rehabilitation

McLean

2022

Self Cite

Understanding the mechanics and kinematics of how safe swallows occur has a critical role in mitigating the ramifications of dysphagia.Laryngeal vestibule closure (LVC) is the primary airway defensive mechanism in pharyngeal swallowing, during which the epiglottis tilts over the larynx and arytenoids and approximating the epiglottis petiole to close off the airway in a timely manner. 1,2 Two important LVC timing measures that are often impacted in patients with dysphagia are LVC duration (LVCd) and reaction time (LVCrt). 3 LVCrt reflects how quickly the laryngeal vestibule reacts to the presence of a bolus to shut off the airway after the swallow has been triggered,