The effects of electronic cigarette vapor on placental trophoblast cell function

Raez-Villanueva, Sergio; Ma, Christina; Kleiboer, Sarah; Holloway, Alison C.

doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.07.084

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…The HTR‐8/SVneo cell line, derived from transfected cells that grew out of chorionic villi explants of human first‐trimester placenta, contains both trophoblast and stromal/mesenchymal cells (Abou‐Kheir, Barrak, Hadadeh, & Daoud, ), and are widely used to study trophoblast functions. HTR‐8/SVneo cells exposed to unflavored, nicotine‐free e‐cigarette vapor‐conditioned media resulted in a significant reduction in trophoblast invasion and angiogenesis—functions essential for the establishment of the placental circulation (Raez‐Villanueva, Ma, Kleiboer, & Holloway, ). These data support the premise that placental function may be compromised by exposure to e‐cigarette aerosols.…”

Section: Are Ends a “Safer Alternative” To Tobacco Smoking During Prementioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental toxicity of e‐cigarette aerosols

Greene

Pisano

2019

Birth Defects Research

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Maternal smoking during pregnancy represents a major public health concern increasing the risk for low birth weight, congenital anomalies, preterm birth, fetal mortality, and morbidity. In an effort to diminish adverse developmental effects of exposure to cigarette smoking, pregnant women, and women of reproductive age, are increasingly turning to electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), such as e‐cigarettes, as an alternative. Given that health risks associated with ENDS use during pregnancy are largely unknown, there is an acute need to determine risks vs. benefits of e‐cigarette use by pregnant women. While the most recent Surgeon General's Report on the “Health Consequences of Smoking” states that “the evidence is sufficient to infer that nicotine adversely affects maternal and fetal health during pregnancy, contributing to multiple adverse outcomes,” it remains unclear whether use of ENDS represents a “safer alternative” to tobacco smoking during pregnancy. This is due, in part, to the lack of sufficient and conclusive evidence concerning whether or not maternal e‐cigarette use adversely affects embryonic/fetal development. While several recent developmental studies have challenged the safety of nicotine inhalation via ENDS, the true risks of smoking e‐cigarettes during the first trimester of pregnancy—the period of organogenesis—are largely unknown. Moreover, evidence is emerging that even nicotine‐free e‐cigarette aerosols may harm the developing conceptus, suggesting that components of e‐cigarette liquid, including flavorings, may be developmentally toxicity. Focused human epidemiological analyses, and carefully designed animal studies are critically needed to address the question of the safety of ENDS use during pregnancy.

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Section: Are Ends a “Safer Alternative” To Tobacco Smoking During Prementioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental toxicity of e‐cigarette aerosols

Greene

Pisano

2019

Birth Defects Research

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“…We used ECL as it is a convenient approach to obtain preliminary information about the toxic role of ECS, as ECL was used in other studies related to the outcome of ECS on the embryo [ 17 ]. ECL known as “Virginia Tobacco” with a nicotine concentration of 6 mg/mL in 70%, 30%, and 15% of propylene glycol (organic compound), vegetable glycerin, and fruit flavor, respectively, (E-Lixir, Montreal, QC, Canada) was chosen, since “Virginia tobacco” of 6 mg/mL nicotine is one of the most popular ECLs used by young people in Canada and Qatar.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The liquid was stored in a dark cabinet at a temperature of 4 °C as recommended by the manufacturer. Based on our previous work, we used a final concentration of 2 mg/mL of nicotine [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]; the liquid was mixed with PBS (Qiagen, Toronto, ON, Canada) to obtain the desired concentration. This study was approved by the Institutional Biohazard Committee of Qatar University (QU-IBC) on 22 May 2019 (number: 2019/032).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Embryos were either treated with 30 or 60 μg suspension of final nicotine concentration from ECL dissolved in PBS. The final concentrations of 30 and 60 μg of nicotine were used based on our recent investigation of water-pipe smoking on embryo and cancer cells as well as other investigations related to the outcome of ECL on the embryo [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Control embryos were treated with PBS alone.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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E-Cigarette Liquid Provokes Significant Embryotoxicity and Inhibits Angiogenesis

Ashour

Alhussain

Rashid

et al. 2020

Toxics

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E-cigarette smoking (ECS) is a new method of tobacco smoking that is gaining popularity as it is thought to be a “healthy method” of tobacco consumption. The adverse outcomes of ECS on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems in humans have been recently demonstrated. Nevertheless, the effect of e-cigarette liquid (ECL) on the early stage of embryogenesis and angiogenesis has not been explored yet. Chicken embryo at 3 days of incubation and its chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of 5 days were used to explore the outcome of ECL on the embryo. Real-time PCR was also employed to study the regulation of a set of key controller genes of embryogenesis as well as angiogenesis. Our study revealed that ECL exposure is associated with a high rate of mortality in embryos as around 70% of treated embryos, at 3 days of incubation, die after 5 days of exposure. Additionally, ECL inhibits angiogenesis of the CAM of 5 days of incubation by more than 30%. These effects could be explained by the upregulation of ATF-3, FOXA2, INHBA, MAPRE-2, and RIPK-1, as well as the downregulation of SERPINA-4 and VEGF-C genes, which are important key controller genes of embryogenesis as well as angiogenesis. Our data suggest clearly that ECS can have dramatic toxic outcomes on the early stage of embryogenesis as well as angiogenesis. Accordingly, we believe that further studies to assess the effects of ECS on human health are essential.

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“…In addition, female offspring exposed to e-cigarette smoke in utero exhibited an important weight reduction at 8.5 months, while, on the other hand, in utero-exposed adult males demonstrated a slight but non-significant fertility and pup number reduction. Another study furtherly aimed to evaluate the impact of this type of smoking on placental trophoblast function via exposure of HTR-8/SVneo cells to unflavored e-cigarette vapor-conditioned media [78]. While there was no detection of deriving effects on cell viability, proliferation or migration, e-cigarette conditioned media caused a significant reduction in trophoblast invasion and tube formation.…”

Section: Electronic Cigarettes and Female Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Looking Inside the World of Granulosa Cells: The Noxious Effects of Cigarette Smoke

2020

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The detrimental implications of tobacco smoke on systemic health have been widely established during the past few decades. Nonetheless, increasing evidence has begun to shed more light on the serious impact that smoke exposure could also have on mammal reproductive health in terms of overall ovarian dysfunction and gestation. A variety of these complications seem to be causally related to specific chemical substances contained in cigarette smoke and their possible effects on ovarian tissues and cells, such as granulosa cells. Granulosa cells represent the functional unit of the ovary and are able to establish a bidirectional cross-talk relationship with the oocyte during folliculogenesis, which makes them vital for its correct growth and development. Based on these premises, the current review focuses on the presence of related smoke-induced damages in granulosa cells. Data have been grouped according to the studied tobacco constituents and the molecular pathways involved, in order to synthesize their impact on granulosa cells and fertility. Attention is further brought to the correlation between electronic cigarettes and female reproduction, although there have been no investigations so far regarding e-cigarette-related granulosa cell exposure. We summarize how tobacco constituents are able to cause alterations in the “life” of granulosa cells, ranging from luteal steroidogenesis and follicular loss to granulosa cell apoptosis and activation of the autophagic machinery. Further studies have been conducted to elucidate the relationship between lifestyle and fertility as to reduce the morbidity connected with infertility.

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The effects of electronic cigarette vapor on placental trophoblast cell function

Cited by 23 publications

References 67 publications

Developmental toxicity of e‐cigarette aerosols

Developmental toxicity of e‐cigarette aerosols

E-Cigarette Liquid Provokes Significant Embryotoxicity and Inhibits Angiogenesis

Looking Inside the World of Granulosa Cells: The Noxious Effects of Cigarette Smoke

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