The effects of endophyte-infected tall fescue consumption on diet utilization and thermal regulation in cattle

Aldrich, Charles G; Paterson, J. A.; Tate, Jodie; Kerley, M. S.

doi:10.2527/1993.711164x

Cited by 137 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A ocorrência de hipertermia em bovinos associada à ingestão de ergoalcalóides ocorre devido à ação vasoconstritora periférica dessas micotoxinas que reduz o fluxo do sangue para a pele e a perda de calor na periferia (Osborn et al 1992, Paterson et al 1995, Browning Jr. et al 1998b. Essa hipótese é consubstanciada pelo fato de que a administração experimental de ergoalcalóides a bovinos mantidos em temperaturas de 32°C reduz a evaporação da pele (Aldrich et al 1993). A administração de ergotamina, o principal ergoalcalóide de C. purpurea, para bovinos mantidos em temperatura de 30°C promove o aumento da freqüên-cia respiratória, decréscimo na temperatura da pele e elevação da temperatura retal (Osborn et al 1992.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

See 1 more Smart Citation

Síndrome distérmica (hipertermia) em bovinos associada à intoxicação por Claviceps purpurea

Ilha¹,

Riet-Correa

Barros

2001

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Descrevem-se três surtos de síndrome distérmica (hipertermia) associada à intoxicação por Claviceps purpurea, em bovinos de leite durante o verão de 1999-2000, em três estabelecimentos do Rio Grande do Sul. De um total de 66 bovinos que ingeriram a ração contaminada com o fungo, 37 (56%) adoeceram até 3 meses após a introdução da ração contaminada. Os principais sinais clínicos foram temperatura retal elevada, pêlos compridos, longos e sem brilho, salivação intensa, respiração ofegante, com a boca aberta e, em alguns casos, com a língua para fora da cavidade oral. Os animais acometidos procuravam sombra ou permaneciam dentro d'água. Houve diminuição de 10 a 30% no consumo de alimentos e perda de peso. A redução na produção de leite foi de 30 a 50%. Os sinais clínicos se intensificavam durante o dia e eram diretamente proporcionais à elevação da temperatura ambiental. Os achados de necropsia em um bovino que foi eutanasiado, incluíram leve enfisema pulmonar, principalmente na região dorsal dos lobos pulmonares diafragmáticos. Histologicamente havia moderada hipertrofia da musculatura lisa dos bronquíolos e ruptura de septos alveolares formando cotos alveolares em clava. Nos três estabelecimentos onde ocorreram os surtos, escleródios de C. purpurea foram observados nas amostras de ração fornecida aos bovinos. Os animais afetados recuperaram-se após aproximadamente 60 dias da retirada da ração contaminada. O diagnóstico baseou-se em dados epidemiológicos, sinais clínicos, na presença de escleródios de C. purpurea na ração fornecida aos animais, nos achados de necropsia e na histopatologia. A patogenia e o quadro clínico-patológico observados são discutidos e comparados com outros relatos dessa enfermidade.

show abstract

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Esses sinais clínicos também regulatórias (Browning Jr et al 1998b). No entanto, bovinos expostos naturalmente aos alcalóides do ergot por períodos prolongados não apresentam variações nas concentrações plasmáticas de T3, T4 e cortisol (Aldrich et al 1993).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Síndrome distérmica (hipertermia) em bovinos associada à intoxicação por Claviceps purpurea

Ilha¹,

Riet-Correa

Barros

2001

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Both the endophyte and added ergotamine decreased peripheral body temperature; this was attributed to reduced peripheral blood flow. Similar changes in rectal temperature in cattle resulted from feeding E+ or E-tall fescue diets when animals were exposed to diurnal temperature changes (Aldrich et al 1993a). Interestingly, this experiment also revealed that there was a significant interaction between diet and environmental temperature on skin vaporization; with skin vaporization increased only in the E-group at an elevated temperature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Chestnut et al (1991) found no difference in organic matter digestibility of E+ and E-tall fescue in steers and Harmon et al (1991) found no endophyte effect on dry matter and nitrogen digestibility in steers. Others, however, found that diets containing E+ tall fescue had reduced dry matter and organic matter digestibility in sheep (Hannah et al 1990, Fiorito et al 1991, Westendorf et al 1993, cattle (Aldrich et al 1993a), and rats (Larson et al 1991), which could be ambient temperaturedependent (Hannah et al 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Journal of Range Management, Volume 54, Number 4 (July 2001)

2001

REM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objectives of this Colorado study were to assess primary reasons ranchers choose to stay or sell the ranch, compare the motivations for ranching between a traditional agriculturally based county and a rapidly developing county, and assess whether factors such as length of tenure, fiscal dependency on ranching, and dependency on public lands play roles in decisions to sell. Personal interviews were conducted with 37 ranchers. While land use conversion occurs for a wide variety of reasons, lack of heirs and detrimental public policy were important reasons given for selling ranches. Responses showed Routt County (a rapidly developing county) ranchers were more likely to sell due to land use conversion related issues than Moffat County ranchers (p = 0.056). Ranchers with a longer legacy on their land reported that profitability, having likely heirs, and continuing tradition enhanced their reasons to stay. Groups more "at risk" of selling were non-homesteading ranchers close to retirement, larger ranches, and ranchers dependent on ranching for income with declining profits. Large ranch owners experiencing land use conflicts with non-ranchers and ranchers modestly dependent on public forage experiencing changes in public policy regulations and land use conflicts also indicated a higher proclivity to sell. Noting how groups of ranchers are impacted by different changes can help refine community efforts related to land use conversion and create more thoughtful policy measures.

show abstract

“…The varieties we seeded were similar to those cited in the following references. In 2006, we planted replicated monocultures of TF (Festuca arundinaceum, Kentucky 31 endophyte-infected and endophyte-free TFs; Rottinghaus et al, 1991;Aldrich et al, 1993) and RCG (Phalaris arundinacea L. varieties v.n.s. and palaton) high (1) and low (2) in alkaloids, respectively (Marten, 1972;Sheaffer et al, 1990); BFT (Lotus corniculatus varieties Goldie and Norcen) high (1) and low (2) in tannins, respectively (Terrill et al, 1992;Hedqvist et al, 2000); and ALF (Medicago sativa varieties Vernal and Lahontan) high (1) and low (2) in saponins, respectively (Pedersen, 1975;Pedersen et al, 1976; Table 1).…”

Section: Pasture Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical complementarities among endophyte-infected tall fescue, reed canarygrass, birdsfoot trefoil and alfalfa affect cattle foraging

Lyman

Provenza

Villalba

et al. 2012

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We determined whether plant diversity and sequence of plant ingestion affected foraging when cattle chose from plants that varied in concentrations of alkaloids, tannins and saponins. We hypothesized cattle that ate high-alkaloid grasses (endophyteinfected tall fescue (TF) or reed canarygrass (RCG)) would prefer forages high in tannins (birdsfoot trefoil, BFT1) or saponins (alfalfa, ALF1), because tannins and saponins can bind to alkaloids, presumably reducing their absorption. We further hypothesized that forages with tannins or saponins consumed before, rather than after, foraging on high-alkaloid grasses would promote greater use of those grasses presumably by binding to alkaloids, thereby reducing their absorption. In Phase 1, cattle (n 5 32) grazed on either high (1) or low (2) alkaloid grass (TF or RCG) pastures for 30 min each morning at 0600 h and were then offered a choice of BFT1, BFT2, ALF1 and ALF2 for 60 min each day for 12 days. In Phase 2, cattle (n 5 32) were first offered a choice of BFT1 or ALF1 for 30 min at 0600 h and then placed on grass (TF1 or 2, or RCG1 or 2) pastures for 60 min for 12 days. In both phases, we had four spatial replications of four treatments with 2 per calves assigned to each of the 16 replications per treatment combinations. Scan samples of individuals at 2-min intervals were used to determine incidence of foraging on each plant species (%). Cattle grazed more on RCG than on TF in Phases 1 (62% v. 27%; P 5 0.0015) and 2 (71% v. 32%; P 5 0.0005). In Phase 1, cattle that first foraged on RCG1 or TF2 subsequently preferred ALF over BFT, whereas cattle offered RCG2 or TF1 foraged on ALF and BFT equally. Foraging by cattle on RCG was cyclic during Phase 1, whereas cattle foraging on TF markedly decreased incidence of use of TF from 41% to only 16% by the end of the 12-day trial (P 5 0.0029). Contrary to the cyclic (RCG) or steadily declining (TF) use of grasses in Phase 1, cattle steadily and dramatically increased foraging on both RCG and TF throughout Phase 2, when they first grazed BFT1 or ALF1 followed by high-alkaloid grasses (P 5 0.0159). Our findings suggest that in plant species the sequence of ingestion influenced foraging behavior of cattle and that secondary compounds influenced those responses.

show abstract

The effects of endophyte-infected tall fescue consumption on diet utilization and thermal regulation in cattle

Cited by 137 publications

References 18 publications

Síndrome distérmica (hipertermia) em bovinos associada à intoxicação por Claviceps purpurea

Síndrome distérmica (hipertermia) em bovinos associada à intoxicação por Claviceps purpurea

Journal of Range Management, Volume 54, Number 4 (July 2001)

Phytochemical complementarities among endophyte-infected tall fescue, reed canarygrass, birdsfoot trefoil and alfalfa affect cattle foraging

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About