The effects of environmental hormones on reproduction

Danzo, Benjamin J.

doi:10.1007/s000180050251

Cited by 114 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 200 publications

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“…Reijnders (1986) has reported a lower E 2 concentration in plasma of common seals fed PCB-contaminated fish than in the control group, and several studies have shown that different PCB congeners and their metabolites may exert both estrogenic and antiestrogenic effects through a wide range of mechanisms (Battershill 1994;Connor et al 1997;Danzo 1998;Dechaud et al 1999;Kester et al 2000;Moore et al 1997;Nesaretnam et al 1996;Wojtowicz et al 2000). In this study, no relationships between E 2 and the investigated factors (age, body mass, capture date, cortisol, ΣPCBs, and PCB-118) were found.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polychlorinated biphenyls and reproductive hormones in female polar bears at Svalbard.

Haave

Ropstad

Derocher

et al. 2003

Environ Health Perspect

118

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High concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in polar bears from Svalbard have increased concern for that population's reproductive health. We examined whether there were associations between the plasma concentrations of PCBs and reproductive hormones [progesterone (P 4 ) and 17β-estradiol (E 2 )] in free-living female polar bears from Svalbard. Concentrations of P 4 depended on reproductive status, and concentrations were lowest in females with offspring-females with cubs and females with yearlings. In these females, the P 4 concentrations were positively correlated with plasma ΣPCBs (sum of all analyzed polychlorinated biphenyl congeners) concentrations. The ΣPCBs concentrations explained 27% of the variation in the P 4 concentrations. There were no correlations between ΣPCBs and E 2 and cortisol in any of the groups of polar bears, or between ΣPCBs and P 4 in single polar bears. Although the ΣPCBs-P 4 relationship in female polar bears with offspring is not evidence per se of a direct cause-effect association, the results indicate that PCBs may affect levels of P 4 in polar bear females. There is a clear need to further assess the hormone balance and population health of polar bears at Svalbard.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polychlorinated biphenyls and reproductive hormones in female polar bears at Svalbard.

Haave

Ropstad

Derocher

et al. 2003

Environ Health Perspect

118

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“…9 Turning to our analysis of post-retraction citations, we examined the content of articles citing already retracted articles to again assess the reason why articles are citing knowledge acknowledged to be false. Even for the twenty retracted articles in our sub-sample, this is a challenging task because of the Danzo (1998) provides an example of a citation to Arnold that explicitly recognizes the original paper's retraction:…”

Section: Iv5 Content Analysis -Pre-and Post-retraction Citationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Governing knowledge in the scientific community: Exploring the role of retractions in biomedicine

2012

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Acknowledgements:We thank Pierre Azoulay, Scott Stern, Nico Lacetera, Dietmar Harhoff, and participants in numerous seminars for comments and suggestions. Lisa Bassett, Anne-Marie Crain, Michaël Bikard, Devin Fensterheim, Robyn Fialkow, Jacob Magid, and Lexie Somers provided exceptional research assistance. All errors are our own. Financial support for this research was provided by the National Science Foundation, under grant #0738394.Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2014481Governing knowledge in the scientific community:Exploring the role of retractions in biomedicine ABSTRACTAlthough the validity of knowledge is critical to scientific progress, substantial concerns exist regarding the governance of knowledge production. While as or more important to the knowledge economy as defects are in the manufacturing economy, mechanisms to identify and signal "defective" or false knowledge are poorly understood. In this paper, we investigate one such institution -the system of scientific retractions. By analyzing the universe of peer-reviewed scientific articles retracted from the biomedical literature between 1972-2006 and comparing with a matched control sample, we identify the correlates, timing, and causal impact of scientific retractions, thus providing insight into the workings of a distributed, peer-based system for the governance of validity in scientific knowledge. Our findings suggest that attention is a key predictor of retraction -retracted articles arise most frequently among highly-cited articles. The retraction system is expeditious in uncovering knowledge that is ever determined to be false (the mean time to retraction is less than two years) and democratic (retraction is not systematically affected by author prominence). Lastly, retraction causes an immediate, severe, and long-lived decline in future citations. Conditional on the obvious limitation that we cannot measure the absolute amount of false science in circulation, these results support the view that distributed governance systems can be designed to relatively swiftly to uncover false knowledge and to mitigate the costs that false knowledge for future generations of producers.

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“…OCPs possess a cumulative capacity, slow degradation rate, and their residues are present in the soil, water and sediment even several years after their application (Barlas 1999(Barlas , 2002Singh 2001). OCPs are currently less widely used than these used to be earlier, because of a number of disadvantages including environmental persistence, bioaccumulation and their toxic action upon the reproductive and nervous systems (Danzo 1998;Hellawell 1988;Yamaguchi et al 2003). These compounds may affect the normal function of the endocrine system (Hileman 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Levels and distribution of persistent organochlorine pesticide residues in water and sediments of Gomti River (India)—a tributary of the Ganges River

Malik

Ojha

Singh

2008

Environ Monit Assess

138

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This study reports the concentration levels and distribution pattern of the persistent organochlorine pesticide (OCPs) residues in the water and bed-sediments of the Gomti River collected seasonally over a period of 2 years. The water and bed-sediment samples were collected from eight different sites and analyzed for aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, HCB, HCH isomers, DDT isomers/metabolites, endosulfan isomers (alpha and beta), endosulfan sulfate, heptachlor and its metabolites, alpha-chlordane, gamma-chlordane and methoxychlor. In the river water and sediments SigmaOCPs residues ranged between 2.16 and 567.49 ng l(-1) and 0.92 and 813.59 ng g(-1), respectively. The results, further, suggested that source of DDT contamination is from the aged and weathered agricultural soils with signature of recently used DDT in the river catchments. To assess any adverse effect of OCPs contamination on river's biological component, the threshold effect level (TEL) was used. The results revealed that bed-sediments of the Gomti River are contaminated with lindane, endrin, heptachlor epoxides and DDT, particularly at site-4 and may contribute to sediment toxicity in the freshwater ecosystem of the river.

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The effects of environmental hormones on reproduction

Cited by 114 publications

References 200 publications

Polychlorinated biphenyls and reproductive hormones in female polar bears at Svalbard.

Polychlorinated biphenyls and reproductive hormones in female polar bears at Svalbard.

Governing knowledge in the scientific community: Exploring the role of retractions in biomedicine

Levels and distribution of persistent organochlorine pesticide residues in water and sediments of Gomti River (India)—a tributary of the Ganges River

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