The Effects of Exercise-induced Fatigue on Acetylcholinesterase Expression and Activity at Rat Neuromuscular Junctions

Guo, Wenhua; Wang, Hui; Chen, Dan; Wu, Xiaoqiong; Tong, Jianbin; De-liang, Lei; Cai, Wenju; Li, Zhiyuan; Luo, Xi

doi:10.1267/ahc.09019

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In contrast, exercise can decrease AChE activity [35]. In the current study, the results show that the exercised EC, EA, and ET groups tended to have increased brain AChE activity, but that the differences were not significant.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Effects ofTakjuintake and moderate exercise training on brain acetylcholinesterase activity and learning ability in rats

et al. 2011

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Takju is a Korean alcoholic beverage made from rice, and is brewed with the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of exercise training and moderate Takju consumption on learning ability in 6-week old Sprague-Dawley male rats. The rats were treated with exercise and alcohol for 4 weeks in six separate groups as follows: non-exercised control (CC), exercised control (EC), non-exercised consuming ethanol (CA), exercised consuming ethanol (EA), non-exercised consuming Takju (CT), and exercised consuming Takju (ET). An AIN-93M diet was provided ad libitum. Exercise training was performed at a speed of 10 m/min for 15 minutes per day. Ethanol and Takju were administered daily for 6-7 hours to achieve an intake of about 10 ml after 12 hours of deprivation, and, thereafter, the animals were allowed free access to deionized water. A Y-shaped water maze was used from the third week to understand the effects of exercise and alcohol consumption on learning and memory. After sacrifice, brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was analyzed. Total caloric intake and body weight changes during the experiment were not significantly different among the groups. AChE activity was not significantly different among the groups. The number of errors for position reversal training in the maze was significantly smaller in the EA group than that in the CA and ET groups, and latency times were shorter in the EA group than those in the CC, EC, CT, and ET groups. The latency difference from the first to the fifth day was shortest in the ET group. The exercised groups showed more errors and latency than those of the non-exercised groups on the first day, but the data became equivalent from the second day. The results indicate that moderate exercise can increase memory and learning and that the combination of exercise and Takju ingestion may enhance learning ability.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Effects ofTakjuintake and moderate exercise training on brain acetylcholinesterase activity and learning ability in rats

et al. 2011

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“…In addition, there were small sized neuromuscular junction (NMJ) areas. The intensity of AChE staining reflects its activity as reported by Wen et al, [31]. While Liu et al, [33] suggested that the density of AChE staining reflects the amount of AChE in the NMJ and the size of the AChE-positive region reflected the size of the NMJ.…”

Section: The Morphometric Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…It rapidly hydrolyzes acetylcholine released from the nerve terminals [30]. It is well established that AChE activity is also influenced by the pattern of nerve impulses, muscle electromechanical activity and neurogenic substances conveyed by axonal transport [31]. The levels of AChE mRNA decrease following skeletal muscle denervation [32].…”

Section: The Morphometric Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural Changes in the Skeletal Muscle Fiber of Adult Male Albino Rat Following Atorvastatin Treatment; the Possible Mechanisms of Atorvastatin Induced Myotoxicity

Mokhmer¹,

Saber²,

Hamouda³

et al. 2017

J Cytol Histol

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“…Neurotransmitter depletion 8–14 and the associated synaptic fatigue 15–22 may contribute to chronic pain states. Neurotransmitter depletion results from an increase in precursor turnover and dietary deficiency of the precursor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction in Pain and Inflammation Associated With Chronic Low Back Pain With the Use of the Medical Food Theramine

Shell

Pavlik

Roth

et al. 2016

American Journal of Therapeutics

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Management of chronic back pain is a challenge for physicians. Although standard treatments exert a modest effect, they are associated with narcotic addiction and serious side effects from nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents. Moreover, neurotransmitter depletion from both the pain syndrome and therapy may contribute to a poor treatment outcome. Neurotransmitter deficiency may be related both to increased turnover rate and inadequate neurotransmitter precursors from the diet, particularly for essential and semi-essential amino acids. Theramine, an amino acid blend 68405-1 (AAB), is a physician-prescribed only medical food. It contains neurotransmitter precursors and systems for increasing production and preventing attenuation of neurotransmitters. A double-blind controlled study of AAB, low-dose ibuprofen, and the coadministration of the 2 agents were performed. The primary end points included the Roland Morris index and Oswestry disability scale. The cohort included 122 patients aged between 18 and 75 years. The patients were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: AAB alone, ibuprofen alone, and the coadministration of the 2 agents. In addition, C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, and plasma amino acid concentrations were measured at baseline and 28 days time points. After treatment, the Oswestry Disability Index worsened by 4.52% in the ibuprofen group, improved 41.91% in the AAB group, and improved 62.15% in the combination group. The Roland Morris Index worsened by 0.73% in the ibuprofen group, improved by 50.3% in the AAB group, and improved 63.1% in the combination group. C-reactive protein in the ibuprofen group increased by 60.1%, decreased by 47.1% in the AAB group, and decreased by 36% in the combination group. Similar changes were seen in interleukin 6. Arginine, serine, histidine, and tryptophan levels were substantially reduced before treatment in the chronic pain syndrome and increased toward normal during treatment. There was a direct correlation between improvement in amino acid concentration and treatment response. Treatment with amino acid precursors was associated with substantial improvement in chronic back pain, reduction in inflammation, and improvement in back pain correlated with increased amino acid precursors to neurotransmitters in blood.

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The Effects of Exercise-induced Fatigue on Acetylcholinesterase Expression and Activity at Rat Neuromuscular Junctions

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

Effects ofTakjuintake and moderate exercise training on brain acetylcholinesterase activity and learning ability in rats

Effects ofTakjuintake and moderate exercise training on brain acetylcholinesterase activity and learning ability in rats

Structural Changes in the Skeletal Muscle Fiber of Adult Male Albino Rat Following Atorvastatin Treatment; the Possible Mechanisms of Atorvastatin Induced Myotoxicity

Reduction in Pain and Inflammation Associated With Chronic Low Back Pain With the Use of the Medical Food Theramine

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