The effects of fat mass and obesity-associated gene variants on the body mass index among ethnic groups and in children and adults

Shinozaki, Keiko; Okuda, Masayuki

doi:10.4103/2230-8210.105576

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The instrument was significantly associated with ethnicity ( p < 0.001), which suggests a possible violation of the independence assumption by population stratification, which occurs when alleles occur with different frequencies in a population subgroup [ 22 ]. This finding is consistent with previous genetic studies that have shown varying effect sizes for obesity-related genes among different ethnicities [ 45 , 46 ]. However, there was no significant association of ethnicity with inpatient healthcare cost ( p = 0.896).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Mendelian randomization: estimation of inpatient hospital costs attributable to obesity

et al. 2021

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Background Mendelian Randomization is a type of instrumental variable (IV) analysis that uses inherited genetic variants as instruments to estimate causal effects attributable to genetic factors. This study aims to estimate the impact of obesity on annual inpatient healthcare costs in the UK using linked data from the UK Biobank and Hospital Episode Statistics (HES). Methods UK Biobank data for 482,127 subjects was linked with HES inpatient admission records, and costs were assigned to episodes of care. A two-stage least squares (TSLS) IV model and a TSLS two-part cost model were compared to a naïve regression of inpatient healthcare costs on body mass index (BMI). Results The naïve analysis of annual cost on continuous BMI predicted an annual cost of £21.61 [95% CI £20.33 – £22.89] greater cost per unit increase in BMI. The TSLS IV model predicted an annual cost of £14.36 [95% CI £0.31 – £28.42] greater cost per unit increase in BMI. Modelled with a binary obesity variable, the naïve analysis predicted that obese subjects incurred £205.53 [95% CI £191.45 – £219.60] greater costs than non-obese subjects. The TSLS model predicted a cost £201.58 [95% CI £4.32 – £398.84] greater for obese subjects compared to non-obese subjects. Conclusions The IV models provide evidence for a causal relationship between obesity and higher inpatient healthcare costs. Compared to the naïve models, the binary IV model found a slightly smaller marginal effect of obesity, and the continuous IV model found a slightly smaller marginal effect of a single unit increase in BMI.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Mendelian randomization: estimation of inpatient hospital costs attributable to obesity

et al. 2021

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“…The FTO gene is the first and most robustly replicated gene that is related to body weight and fat mass [ 32 , 33 ]. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fat-mass and obesity-associated gene polymorphisms and weight gain after risperidone treatment in first episode schizophrenia

Song

Pang

Yang

et al. 2014

Behavioral and Brain Functions

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BackgroundObesity induced by antipsychotics severely increases the risk of many diseases and significantly reduces quality of life. Genome Wide Association Studies has identified fat-mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene associated with obesity. The relationship between the FTO gene and drug-induced obesity is unclear.MethodTwo hundred and fifty drug naïve, Chinese Han patients with first-episode schizophrenia were enrolled in the study, and genotyped for four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs rs9939609, rs8050136, rs1421085 and rs9930506) by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and direct sequencing. Body weight and body mass index (BMI) were measured at baseline and six months after risperidone treatment.ResultsAt baseline, body weight and BMI of TT homozygotes were lower than those of A allele carriers in rs9939609; body weight of AA homozygotes was higher than those of G allele carriers in rs9930506 (p’s < 0.05). After 6 months of risperidone treatment, body weight and BMI of TT homozygotes were lower than those of A allele carriers in rs9939609 (p’s <0.01); body weight and BMI of CC homozygotes were lower than those of A allele carriers in rs8050136 (p’s < 0.05); body weight of AA homozygotes was higher than those of G allele carriers in rs9930506 (p’s < 0.05). After controlling for age, gender, age of illness onset, disease duration, weight at baseline and education, weight gain of TT homozygotes at 6 months remained to be lower than those of A allele carriers in rs9939609 (p < 0.01); weight gain of CC homozygotes at 6 months was lower than those of A allele carriers in rs8050136 (p = 0.01). Stepwise multiple regression analysis suggested that, among 4 SNPs, rs9939609 was the strongest predictor of weight gain after 6 months of risperidone treatment (p = 0.001).ConclusionsThe FTO gene polymorphisms, especially rs9939609, seem to be related to weight gain after risperidone treatment in Chinese Han patients with first episode schizophrenia.

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The role of FTO variant rs1421085 in the relationship with obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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The effects of fat mass and obesity-associated gene variants on the body mass index among ethnic groups and in children and adults

Cited by 4 publications

References 60 publications

Mendelian randomization: estimation of inpatient hospital costs attributable to obesity

Mendelian randomization: estimation of inpatient hospital costs attributable to obesity

Fat-mass and obesity-associated gene polymorphisms and weight gain after risperidone treatment in first episode schizophrenia

The role of FTO variant rs1421085 in the relationship with obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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