The Effects of Fronto-parieto-squamosal Suture Fusion on Cranial Growth

Effect of Early Spheno-Occipital Synchondrosis Fusion in Preadolescent Patients With Syndromic Craniosynostosis on Craniofacial Skeletal Patterns: A Preliminary Study Using Cephalometric Analysis

“…The synchondrosis located at the cranial base, especially spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS), is known to play an important role in the growth and development of the cranial base and maxillomandibular complex 1,2,6,10–15 . Since SOS is located between the anterior and posterior cranial base, early fusion of SOS might be related to the craniofacial skeleton abnormalities 11,16 . Goldstein et al 13 reported that SC patients exhibited earlier fusion of SOS compared to age-matched controls (odds ratio, 66.0; 95% confidence interval, 9.2–475.5; P < 0.001).…”

“…1,2,6,[10][11][12][13][14][15] Since SOS is located between the anterior and posterior cranial base, early fusion of SOS might be related to the craniofacial skeleton abnormalities. 11, 16 Goldstein et al 13 reported that SC patients exhibited earlier fusion of SOS compared to age-matched controls (odds ratio, 66.0; 95% confidence interval, 9.2-475.5; P < 0.001). Forte et al 1 suggested that patients with Crouzon and Apert syndromes showed a decrease in the downward and forward growth of the maxilla and the pterygoid plates of the sphenoid, resulting in midface hypoplasia.…”