THE EFFECTS OF FUNGI ON MORPHOGENESIS OF GAMETOPHYTES OF <i>POLYPODIUM VULGARE</i> L.

Smith, David L.; Robinson, Peter

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1969.tb06424.x

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The medium used and the techniques of spore sterilization and "^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^f "d escribed previously (Smith and Robinson, 1969; Smith and Rogan, i97o, Smith Robinson a'nd Govier 1973)-Separation of growth factors from culture filtrates was carried out by means of paper chromatography using standardized techniques (Smith and Robinson, 1971;Smith et aly 1973).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

THE EFFECTS OF SPORE AGE ON GERMINATION AND GAMETOPHYTE DEVELOPMENT IN POLYPODIUM VULGARE L.

Smith¹,

Robinson²

1975

New Phytologist

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SUMMARYIn the fern Polypodium vulgare L. increasing spore age leads to a decline in spore viability. It is suggested that the sigmoidal form of the survival curve is related to the fact that the spores of the cytotype used in the investigation are probably triploid. The other effects of increasing age include an increasing delay in germination, a decrease in the rate of germination, and an mcrease in the proportion of abnormal gametophytes. To some extent these effects are alleviated by high population density and low light intensity. Evidence is presented that the effects of age may be partly attributable to the declining ability of the spores to synthesize metabolites essential tor germination and gametophyte development.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

THE EFFECTS OF SPORE AGE ON GERMINATION AND GAMETOPHYTE DEVELOPMENT IN POLYPODIUM VULGARE L.

Smith¹,

Robinson²

1975

New Phytologist

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“…In some experiments 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)1,1dimethylurea (DCMU, DuPont analytical grade) was used to inhibit photosynthesis. According to the literature, DCMU is often dissolved first in a small amount of alcohol and then added to the culture medium, but since ethanol has been thought to alter fern morphogenesis (Smith and Robinson, 1969;Sugai, 1970), we did not want to introduce an alcohol solvent. Instead, DCMU was dissolved in pH 5.2 Knop's solution by heating to 90 C in a water bath.…”

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confidence: 99%

Growth Regulation by Ethylene in Fern Gametophytes. II. Inhibition of Cell Division

Edwards¹,

Miller²

1972

American Journal of Botany

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. AB ST RACT Ethylene, a natural product of sensitive fern (Onoclea sensibilis L.) gametophytes, has been demonstrated to inhibit cell division in light-grown prothallia. When plants were grown on Knop's solution plus 1 % sucrose under 300 ft-c or more of white light, all ethylene concentrations from 1-1000 pl/liter reduced the rate of increase of cell number by about one-half. The over-all rate of increase of cell number was regulated by various environmental and chemical factors, but regardless of the rate established in control cultures, ethylene treatment of 1-1000 ,ul/liter produced a relative 50% depression of cell number. Ethylene was specific for inhibition of cell division and was not a general inhibitor of growth. The ethylene inhibition did not result from a reduction of photosynthesis or energy supply. Further demonstration of ethylene as the active gaseous component resulted when cultures were grown in small enclosed containers with an ethylene absorbent, mercuric perchlorate, and consequently the cell number of gametophytes was restored to the level of unenclosed controls. ETHYLENE

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“…In our assays, about 30 % of the gametophytes growing in contaminated cultures remained filamentous whereas the remaining reached the spatulate stage. Smith and Robinson (1969) also observed that the addition of a fungus in spore cultures of Polypodium vulgare delayed the transition from one to two-dimensional growth of the gametophytes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Effects of the fungus Pestalotiopsis maculans (Ascomycota: Amphisphaeriales) on the gametophytic development of the fern Lygodium venustum (Lygodiaceae)

Bejar¹,

Murace²,

Saparrat

2019

RBT

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Lygodium sp. is a climbing fern that occurs in open forests, settling frequently in areas with disturbed vegetation. In Argentina, Lygodium venustum inhabits in the protected area "Moconá" Provincial Park, in few and small populations. In-vitro cultivation of spores is a strategy for ex-situ conservation of species with reduced or threatened populations. Usually, fern spores need to be surface sterilized before sowing, to avoid the development of unwanted microorganisms. As part of our project focused on the conservation of native fern species in Argentina, the aim of this work was to evaluate a propagation protocol for L. venustum through in-vitro cultivation of spores, employing a standard procedure of disinfection, to investigate its effect on spore germination and the subsequent gametophyte as well as its response by the inoculation with a fungus. A batch of spores was previously treated with 10% (v/v) solution of NaOCl during 2 min and then sown in Dyer agar medium supplemented with 1% Nystatin (T1). The petri dishes were incubated in a growth chamber under white illumination (28μmol m-2 s-1) with a photoperiod of 12 hr and a temperature of 22±2°C. Another set of spores without previous disinfection was sown on Dyer agar medium and under the same conditions and used as a control (T0). Spore germination and gametophyte and sporophyte development were monitored through periodical observations under stereoscopic and light microscopes. As during cultures of non-disinfected spores a fungus developed in association with L. venustum gametophytes, its conidia were morphologically characterized as well as those obtained from the black spots present on the sporophyte leaves. A conidial suspension was applied to 20 days-old gametophytes obtained in axenic conditions to evaluate the appearance of any symptom. In both treatments (T1 and T0), spores germinated at 7 days after sowing. The pattern of spore germination followed the Anemia-type, unlike the Vittaria-type found by other researchers. Untreated spores showed a higher mean percentage of germination than those treated (86 and 72 % in 30 days, respectively). In T0 gametophytes grew in association with a fungus, whose conidia had the morphological characteristics of Pestalotiopsis maculans, as occurred with the conidia obtained from the black spots of L. venustum leaves. The association of P. maculans with L. venustum is reported here for the first time. The gametophytes developed in T0 and those inoculated with P. maculans became necrotic and died before producing gametangia, suggesting a pathogenic role of the fungus. The elevated percentage of spore germination registered in T0 could also indicate some effect of P. maculans or its metabolites in the promotion of spore germination. Gametophytes developed in T1 became bisexual or unisexual male, which points to the presence of some antheridiogen that induces the production of antheridia on smaller or slower-growing gametophytes. The sporophytes arose after 4 months of spore sown in T1, pointing out the methodology employed here suitable for the ex-situ conservation of L. venustum.

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THE EFFECTS OF FUNGI ON MORPHOGENESIS OF GAMETOPHYTES OF POLYPODIUM VULGARE L.

Cited by 21 publications

References 13 publications

THE EFFECTS OF SPORE AGE ON GERMINATION AND GAMETOPHYTE DEVELOPMENT IN POLYPODIUM VULGARE L.

THE EFFECTS OF SPORE AGE ON GERMINATION AND GAMETOPHYTE DEVELOPMENT IN POLYPODIUM VULGARE L.

Growth Regulation by Ethylene in Fern Gametophytes. II. Inhibition of Cell Division

Effects of the fungus Pestalotiopsis maculans (Ascomycota: Amphisphaeriales) on the gametophytic development of the fern Lygodium venustum (Lygodiaceae)

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