The effects of grape seed extract on glycemic control, serum lipoproteins, inflammation, and body weight: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Abstract

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the effects of grape seed extract (GSE) on glycemic control and serum lipoproteins, inflammation and body weight. Two independent authors systematically searched online databases including EMBASE, Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from inception until May 30, 2019. Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool was applied to assess the methodological quality of included trials. The heterogeneity among the included studies was assessed using Cochrane's Q test and I-square (I 2 ) statistic. Data were pooled using a random-effects model and weighted mean difference (WMD) was considered as the overall effect size. Fifty trials were included in this meta-analysis. Pooling effect sizes from studies demonstrated a significant decrease in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (WMD): −2.01; 95% confidence interval (CI): −3.14, −0.86), total cholesterol (TC; WMD: −6.03; 95% CI: −9.71, −2.35), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (WMD: −4.97; 95% CI: −8.37, −1.57), triglycerides (WMD: −6.55; 95% CI: −9.28, −3.83), and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations (WMD: −0.81;95% CI: −1.25, −0.38) following GSE therapy. Grape seed did not influence HbA1c, HDL cholesterol levels, and anthropometric measurements. This meta-analysis demonstrated that GSE intake significantly reduced FPG, TC, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and CRP levels. K E Y W O R D Sgrape seed extract, inflammation, insulin resistance, LDL cholesterol, meta-analysis, triglycerides

A grape seed extract maternal dietary supplementation in reproductive hens reduces oxidative stress associated to modulation of plasma and tissue adipokines expression and improves viability of offsprings

“…Only a reduction in body weight was observed in the animals supplemented with 1% GSE at one day of age (D group of animal). In humans, a recent meta-analysis on five studies showed no significant effect on body weight after a treatment with GSE [44]. The species but also the concentration of GSE, the manner of administration (mixed with the diet and free access or gavage (intragastric administration) and the dose used and the time of supplementation could explain this discrepancy.…”

Grape seed extract supplementation along with a restricted‐calorie diet improves cardiovascular risk factors in obese or overweight adult individuals: A randomized, placebo‐controlled trial

“…Management of ox‐LDL, as a common oxidative marker, points out the probable role of GSE in modification of oxidative stress through scavenging free radicals (Da Silva, Darmon, Fernandez, & Mitjavila, 1991; Natella, Belelli, Gentili, Ursini, & Scaccini, 2002). A recently published meta‐analysis put human trials together to reach a conclusion on the effects of GSE supplementation on serum lipoproteins (Asbaghi et al, 2020). They found a significant decrease in TC, LDL‐C and TG further highlighting the lipid‐modification role of GSE supplementation, although their findings are not in line with ours with regard to the increase in HDL‐C.…”

“…In addition, when comparing the efficacy, safety and quality of marketed herbal dietary supplements with pharmaceutical sector, the gap in the regulation system still serves as an unmet need (Williamson, Liu, & Izzo, 2020). On the other hand, while many available herbal products might be ineffective, GSE supplementation is not reported to have any unwanted or adverse impact and could be recommended as a potentially safe and efficient supplementation specially for individuals with obesity‐associated metabolic disorders (Asbaghi et al, 2020; Parandoosh et al, 2019).…”

Grape Seeds Proanthocyanidins: Advanced Technological Preparation and Analytical Characterization

“…Grape seed extracts (GSEs) containing variable amounts of polyphenols and so-called oligomeric proanthocyanidins (PACs) have been investigated in several health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) prevention, chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) management, type 2 diabetes. Several clinical studies are now available, depicting their efficacy [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].…”