The Effects of Hemorrhage and Trauma on Interleukin 2 Production

Abraham, Edward; Regan, Raymond F.

doi:10.1001/archsurg.1985.01390360007002

Cited by 56 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Increased generation of interleukin-1 (IL-1) occurs shortly following surgical trauma and hemorrhage [11,12], Preliminary studies demonstrated alterations in platelet counts following in vivo administration of IL-1. IL-1-induced changes in platelet counts are characterized by early, transient, dose-dependent thrombocytopenia [ 13] and delayed thrombocytosis with maximal response noted on the 10th-12th day following IL-1 administration [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Changes in Platelet Counts following Major Urological Pelvic Surgery

Leibovitch

Chaim²,

Raviv³

et al. 1993

Eur Urol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Changes in Platelet Counts following Major Urological Pelvic Surgery

Leibovitch

Chaim²,

Raviv³

et al. 1993

Eur Urol

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“…Indeed, several lines of evidence suggest that the depression in the patient's immune function induced by traumatic injury underlies the development of infection and/or sepsis (49)(50)(51). The analysis of DC phenotype and function in these patients would help to evaluate the role of DC in the pathogenesis of sepsis.…”

Section: Effect Of Lps On Splenic Cell Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of dendritic cell numbers and maturation by lipopolysaccharide in vivo.

Smedt

Pajak

Muraille

et al. 1996

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

697

490

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SummaryDendritic cells (DC) are described as "nature's adjuvant," since they have the capacity to sensitize T cells in vivo upon first encounter with the antigen. The potent accessory properties of DC appear to develop sequentially. In particular, the ability to process antigens and to sensitize naive T cells develops in sequence, a process termed "maturation" that is well described in vitro. Here, we obtain evidence for maturation in vivo in response to the bacterial product lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Before LPS treatment, many DC are found at the margin between the red and white pulp. These cells lack the M342 and DEC-205 markers, but process soluble proteins effectively. 6 h after LPS, DC with the M342 and DEC-205 markers are found in increased numbers in the T cell areas. These cells have a reduced capacity to process proteins, but show increases in the B7 costimulator and T cell stimulatory capacity. 48 h after LPS, the number of DC in the spleen is reduced markedly. We interpret these findings to mean that LPS can cause DC in the marginal zone to mature and to migrate into and then out of the T cell areas.

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“…Accidental trauma and hemorrhage were also associated with a decrease in IL-2 pro duction by PBM cells [1]. Moderate trauma produced a 56%, severe trauma a 85% re duction in IL-2 production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Blood Mononuclear Cell Production of IL-1 and L-2 ifollowing Moderate Surgical Trauma

Grzelak

Olszewski²,

Rowińskí³

1989

Eur Surg Res

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The in vitro interleukin-1 (IL-1) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) production and IL-2 receptor (IL-2-R) expression by peripheral blood mononuclear (PBM) cells were examined in patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy. The IL-1 production by monocytes stimulated with a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) did not change on day +1 but increased by 57.5 % on day + 3 (p < 0.05) after surgery, and was normalized on days +5 and +7. The IL-1 production by PBMcells stimulated by LPS increased by 97.6% on day +1 (p < 0.05) and 109.5% on day + 3 (p < 0.05) after surgery, and became normalized on days +5 and +7. The IL-2 level in PBM cell supernatants stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) decreased by 45.2% on day +1 (p < 0.05), 33.3% on day + 3 (p < 0.05), 32.3% on day + 5 (p < 0.05) and returned to the preoperative values on day + 7. The IL-2-R expression on PHA-stimulated lymphocytes increased from 60.4 ± 4.8% preoperatively to 67.2 ± 1.9% on day +1 (p < 0.05) but was again within the preoperative values on days + 3, + 5 and + 7. In order to detect the described changes, stimulation with PHA had to be used. This indicates that simple surgical trauma produces subthreshold activation of blood immune cells. The cells enter the ‘response alert’ stage which can be measured after stimulation with lectins. A drop in the number of OKT+ cells but also insufficient production of IL-2 by OKT4+ cells for covering the requirements of activated cells may be responsible for the low levels of IL-2 detected after surgical trauma.

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The Effects of Hemorrhage and Trauma on Interleukin 2 Production

Cited by 56 publications

References 35 publications

Quantitative Changes in Platelet Counts following Major Urological Pelvic Surgery

Quantitative Changes in Platelet Counts following Major Urological Pelvic Surgery

Regulation of dendritic cell numbers and maturation by lipopolysaccharide in vivo.

Blood Mononuclear Cell Production of IL-1 and L-2 ifollowing Moderate Surgical Trauma

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