The effects of high energy electron beam irradiation in air on accelerated aging and on the structure property relationships of low density polyethylene

Murray, Kieran A.; Kennedy, James E.; McEvoy, Brian; Vrain, Olivier; Ryan, Damien; Cowman, R.A.; Higginbotham, Clement L.

doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2012.12.001

Cited by 57 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…It can be noticed that the virgin LDPE shows no obvious TSD current peak throughout the glass transition temperature range confirming the fact that oxidation products such as carbonyl groups play the most significant role in these changes. Exposure of LDPE to radiation in different atmospheres results in a significant difference in oxidation of the apolar matrix and formation of carbonyls as major products [36][37][38][39][40]. From Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Polyethylene crosslinked in different media: structural changes versus dielectric behaviour

et al. 2014

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Changes in the structure and dielectric properties of low-density polyethylene were created by gamma irradiation in air, deionised water and nitrogen. Role of irradiation media on dielectric and charge trapping behaviour was studied through dielectric loss and thermally stimulated discharge current measurements. Changes in magnitude, position and activation energy of all dielectric relaxations (c, b and a) were found to be dependent on crosslinking and oxidative degradation, two competitive processes which can be tuned by radiation dose and media. Largest changes in the position and activation energy were found for the b relaxation due to its cooperative nature.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Polyethylene crosslinked in different media: structural changes versus dielectric behaviour

et al. 2014

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“…The accelerated electrons lead to the scission of CAH bonds, 23 and radicals are generated at the polymer chain. Crosslinking is achieved by the recombination of macroradicals, 1 and a network of joined polymer chains is formed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of e‐beam crosslinking of LDPE on the permeation of hydrocarbons

Berger

Keimel

Helfer

et al. 2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Polyethylene is a useful material in numerous applications, such as packaging, fuel tanks as well as oil and gas pipes. However, it must be considered that polyethylene is permeable to gases and liquids. Small molecules, such as hydrocarbons, may permeate through the material and cause environmental problems. Consequently, a particular aspect of polymer materials is the requirement of a high permeation resistance against low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons. Modifications of the commonly used polyethylene material are necessary to achieve adjusted permeation properties. In this contribution, the effect of electron-beam crosslinking of polyethylene on the resulting permeation characteristics was investigated. Polyethylene sheets were processed and crosslinked by irradiation with high energy electrons. The formation of a network structure was characterized by gel content determination and by rheological measurements. The permeation properties of the polymer sheets were assessed by a gravimetric method. It is demonstrated that-as a result of the crosslinking process-the permeation of low molecular weight hydrocarbon through polyethylene is reduced with respect to the chain length of the aliphatic substances.

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“…1, an increase of electron beam irradiation dose from 0 to 100 kGy results in a rapid increase of the gel content of copper(II) oxide added LDPE composites. This is due to the application of high-energy electron beam irradiation on the LDPE matrix, which could transfer the accelerated electrons extracted from electron beam accelerator to the LDPE matrix [12]. The accelerated electrons could attack the -C-H bonding of LDPE macromolecular chains by extracting the hydrogen atoms from the LDPE macromolecules to form free radicals as shown in Reaction (1) [16].…”

Section: Gel Fractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The accelerated electrons could attack the -C-H bonding of LDPE macromolecular chains by extracting the hydrogen atoms from the LDPE macromolecules to form free radicals as shown in Reaction (1) [16]. The free hydrogen ions could extract the hydrogen atoms from another LDPE macromolecular chain to further release new free radicals and form hydrogen gas as illustrated in Reaction 2 [12,16]. The free radicals released could react together to form a 'bridge' (or crosslinking network) between two LDPE macromolecules [16,19] as shown in Reaction 3.…”

Section: Gel Fractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is due to the fact that irradiation technique could eliminate the harmful chemical residues from chemical crosslinking agents in polymers. Generally, a variety of high-energy irradiations such as electron beam irradiation, gamma rays irradiation and X-ray irradiation are currently used to modify the properties of polymer materials [12]. The application of irradiation technique on polymers can induce the formation of crosslinking networks by generating polymeric free radicals in the polymer matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of the interaction of copper(II) oxide and electron beam irradiation crosslinkable polyethylene

Bee

Sin

Ratnam

et al. 2015

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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The effects of high energy electron beam irradiation in air on accelerated aging and on the structure property relationships of low density polyethylene

Cited by 57 publications

References 35 publications

Polyethylene crosslinked in different media: structural changes versus dielectric behaviour

Polyethylene crosslinked in different media: structural changes versus dielectric behaviour

The effects of e‐beam crosslinking of LDPE on the permeation of hydrocarbons

Investigation of the interaction of copper(II) oxide and electron beam irradiation crosslinkable polyethylene

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