The effects of high-energy ball milling on the synthesis, sintering and microwave dielectric properties of Li2TiO3 ceramics

Ghaffari, Somaye; Ebadzadeh, Touradj; Alizadeh, Mohammad; Asadian, Keivan; Ganjkhanlou, Yadolah; Shafeeyan, Mohammad Saleh

doi:10.1007/s10854-018-9171-4

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Indeed, the particles broke and turned into a small size in the milling process due to their impact with the balls in the jar. [23][24][25] In a study by Goodson et al, 26 the appearance of the breakage and reagglomeration regime is rigorously related to the mechanical properties of the powder system subjected to ball milling. A similar agglomeration phenomenon was observed in different ceramic materials after extending the milling time.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A similar agglomeration phenomenon was observed in different ceramic materials after extending the milling time. [23][24][25] In a study by Goodson et al, 26 the appearance of the breakage and reagglomeration regime is rigorously related to the mechanical properties of the powder system subjected to ball milling. In the case of the fragile particles, initially the breakage occurs, and then the reagglomeration is induced by the van der Waals forces which generate porous aggregates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is based on the Maxwell-Wagner model for the inhomogeneous double layer dielectric structure, which considers that the ferrite grain boundary structures with less electrical conductivity were established to be active in a lower frequency range while ferrite grains that contribute to the conductivity are active at a high-frequency range. 24,[46][47][48][49] This explains the dispersion of ε′ in the lower frequency range. It was observed that the dielectric intensity over the entire frequency range increases with the sintering temperature, as well as the resistivity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of the CoFe₂O₄ initial particle size when sintered by microwave on the microstructural, dielectric, and magnetic properties

Perdomo

Zabotto

Garcia

et al. 2019

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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The particle size of CoFe2O4 powders (average particle size of 350 nm) was reduced to 50 nm by high‐energy milling. In this paper, special attention was given for analyzing the densification and grain growth of both particle sizes (350 and 50 nm) subject to ultrafast sintering assays using microwave sintering and their effect on the magnetic and electric properties. The results indicated that the grain growth was 10 times higher for the nanoparticle system, reaching similar sizes of ~1 μm in both cases after sintering. The relative density values were higher (95%) in the nanoparticle system due to the wide distribution of particle sizes generated in the grinding process. Qualitatively inferred microscopy analysis showed high sinterability of fine particles with a narrow distribution of grain size when subjected to ultrafast firing processes. Magnetization measurements at room temperature clearly show the reduction of Hc with increasing grain size. Electric resistivity, dielectric constant (ε′), and dielectric loss tangent (tan δ) were measured as a function of frequency at room temperature. The low values of dielectric constant (ε′) and dielectric loss (tan δ) in the low frequency range, shown for all samples sintered by microwave, prove the excellent uniformity in the microstructure.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of the CoFe₂O₄ initial particle size when sintered by microwave on the microstructural, dielectric, and magnetic properties

Perdomo

Zabotto

Garcia

et al. 2019

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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“…High-energy ball milling (HEBM) is known as a powder metallurgy processing route for producing compacts with an ultrafine grain structure. [17][18][19] It offers an impact energy that fractures large particles and creates phase transformations, which may be a viable method for producing fine-grained Li 2 TiO 3 ceramics. However, there are few studies on the preparation of Li 2 TiO 3 ceramic pebbles by HEBM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of fine‐grained Li₂TiO₃ ceramic with enhanced performance using high‐energy ball milling

Wang,

Gong,

Kang

et al. 2023

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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Numerous efforts have been made to fabricate Li2TiO3 tritium breeding ceramics with satisfactory density and mechanical strength while maintaining a fine grain structure. In this study, high‐energy ball milling was performed to promote grain refinement and amorphization of TiO2 and Li2CO3 powders, thereby preparing Li2TiO3 ceramic at a reduced sintering temperature. In the presence of high‐energy ball milling, powder mixtures with particle sizes of 24–29 nm were obtained, and the formation of β‐Li2TiO3 occurred at 400°C. The relative density and crushing load of Li2TiO3 ceramic pebbles improved as the ball‐to‐powder ratio and milling time increased. The Li2TiO3 ceramic pebbles sintered at 900°C exhibited a tiny grain size, satisfactory relative density (89%), and excellent crushing load (121 ± 13 N). The results also demonstrated that Li2TiO3 ceramic possessed the maximum thermal conductivity and ionic conductivity under the conditions of a 20:1 ball‐to‐powder ratio and 20 h milling time, that is, 5.028 W/m·K and 1.87×10−2 S/m at room temperature. Overall, the high‐energy ball milling process has shown advantages in the fabrication of tritium breeding ceramics with fine‐grained structure and excellent comprehensive performance.

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“…Isto resulta em tempos curtos de moagem e em partículas com baixo valor de N s [8]. Embora a moagem de alta energia seja amplamente utilizada para obtenção de partículas dos mais diversos materiais e também para a síntese de pós, incluindo nanopartículas [9,10,11], em nossas buscas não foram encontrados trabalhos que apresentem estudos da otimização dos parâmetros de moagem de alta energia para vidros, em especial a otimização da redução do tempo de moagem.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Otimização das condições de moagem em moinho planetário e efeito da distribuição do tamanho de partículas na sinterização de um vidro do sistema Li2O.Al2O3.SiO2 (LAS)

et al. 2020

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RESUMO A otimização das condições de moagem é importante para a sinterização de vidros, uma vez que permite a obtenção de pós em curtos intervalos de tempo, com menor tendência à cristalização superficial e consequente maior sinterabilidade. Neste trabalho investigou-se as condições de moagem de alta energia para obtenção de partículas vítreas com diâmetro médio abaixo de 5 μm, utilizando-se um moinho planetário. Variou-se o diâmetro dos meios de moagem, com o objetivo de obter partículas finas no menor tempo possível, também foram comparadas a moagem a seco e a úmido. Foi realizada a sinterização de um vidro do sistema Li2O.Al2O3.SiO2 (LAS), a partir dos pós obtidos sob as condições ótimas de moagem. Este vidro foi utilizado por apresentar elevada cristalização superficial. As moagens realizadas com tempos de 60 min e 90 min apresentaram um diâmetro médio de partículas de cerca de 5µm e 3 µm respectivamente, após a sinterização as vitrocerâmicas obtidas apresentaram fração de poros abaixo de 5%. Moagens com maiores tempos (200 minutos) levaram a pós com baixíssimo diâmetro médio (0,70-0,80 µm), contudo estes pós não deram bons resultados sob o ponto de vista da sinterização. A moagem a úmido utilizando álcool isopropílico mostrou-se extremamente danosa para a sinterização do vidro LAS, levando a uma vitrocerâmica com fração de poros de 20 ± 1%. Nossos estudos demonstraram que, para favorecer a sinterização de pós vítreos que apresentem alta tendência à cristalização superficial, é recomendável a utilização da moagem de alta energia a seco e por tempos de moagem inferiores a 90min.

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The effects of high-energy ball milling on the synthesis, sintering and microwave dielectric properties of Li2TiO3 ceramics

Cited by 5 publications

References 39 publications

Effect of the CoFe₂O₄ initial particle size when sintered by microwave on the microstructural, dielectric, and magnetic properties

Effect of the CoFe₂O₄ initial particle size when sintered by microwave on the microstructural, dielectric, and magnetic properties

Fabrication of fine‐grained Li₂TiO₃ ceramic with enhanced performance using high‐energy ball milling

Otimização das condições de moagem em moinho planetário e efeito da distribuição do tamanho de partículas na sinterização de um vidro do sistema Li2O.Al2O3.SiO2 (LAS)

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The effects of high-energy ball milling on the synthesis, sintering and microwave dielectric properties of Li2TiO3 ceramics

Cited by 5 publications

References 39 publications

Effect of the CoFe2O4 initial particle size when sintered by microwave on the microstructural, dielectric, and magnetic properties

Effect of the CoFe2O4 initial particle size when sintered by microwave on the microstructural, dielectric, and magnetic properties

Fabrication of fine‐grained Li2TiO3 ceramic with enhanced performance using high‐energy ball milling

Otimização das condições de moagem em moinho planetário e efeito da distribuição do tamanho de partículas na sinterização de um vidro do sistema Li2O.Al2O3.SiO2 (LAS)

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Product

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Effect of the CoFe₂O₄ initial particle size when sintered by microwave on the microstructural, dielectric, and magnetic properties

Effect of the CoFe₂O₄ initial particle size when sintered by microwave on the microstructural, dielectric, and magnetic properties

Fabrication of fine‐grained Li₂TiO₃ ceramic with enhanced performance using high‐energy ball milling