The effects of high intensity intermittent sound on performance, feeling and physiology.

Plutchik, Robert

doi:10.1037/h0047477

Cited by 41 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…This supports earlier studies (Plutchic, 1959; and judgments of how much they liked or disliked the stimuli. Poole et al, 1966) indicating that a strong relationship exists There were relationships between these reactions and how between respiration reactions and emotional responses to much the Ss reported that they were affected by the music, auditory stimuli.…”

Section: (Cantinued Tram Page 65)supporting

confidence: 79%

GSR and breathing amplitude related to emotional reactions to music

Ries

1969

Psychon Sci

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A considerable amount of research has been directed towards the relationships between physiological reactions and affective or evaluative responses to music. The most frequently used measure for these physiological reactions has been the GSR, but results are often confusing or contradictory. Phares (1934) concluded that the GSR was not particularly useful in this type of research, while Henkin (1957) found clear-cut relationships between the GSR and the rhythmic and familiarity variables. There was no significant correlation, however, between the GSR and musical style, composition, or orchestration. Traxel & Wride (1959) used three types of music and reported that GSR reactions were strongest to jazz selections but no significant correlations between preferences and the GSR were found, and they accounted for this discrepancy on the basis of conventional group values. The present investigation was an attempt to study the relationships between emotional responses and physiological reactions to musieal selections using two measures of the physiological reactions, the GSR and breathing amplitude, and to use a wider variety of stimuli than typieally have been used. To determine if general personality variables or response tendencies may partially account for the confusion in this area, measures of extroversion-introversion also were inc1uded. SUBJECTS Subjects included nine male and 10 fern ale undergraduate students enrolled in a course in clinical psychology at Sacramento State College. Their ages ranged from 21 to 41 years with a mean age of 23.5 years. All Ss volunteered for the study and were naive regarding its methods and purposes. Differences in age and sex between the extrovert-introvert groups were negligible. APPARATUS The apparatus consisted of a three-channel, single-speed Associated Research Incorporated polygraph, Model 6308, on wh ich the GSR and respiration reactions were recorded. The musical selections were presented in a sound-deadened room with aSony, Model TC-530, stereophonie tape recorder through Sharpe. Model MA-9, stereophonie headphones. The musical selections. listed in their randomly predetermined order of presentation, included: (I) Prokofiev's "Le Prince et la Princesse," performed by the London Symphony Orchestra; (2) "Loch Rannock" and "The Seige of Delhi," performed by the Royal Highland Regiment; (3) "Ira Hayes," by Johnny Cash; (4) Bartok's "String Quartet No. 2 opus 17," performed by the Fine Arts Quartet; (5) "Crystal Ship," by The Doors: (6) "Societies' Child," by Janice lan; and (7) "Within You Without You," by the Beatles. PROCEDURE Subjects were tested individually with the Maudsley Personality Test (1962) immediately prior to the experimental situation. Introverts were defmed by a score of 0 to 24, ambiverts by a score of 25 to 33, and extroverts by a score of 34 to 48. After the apparatus were connected and the physiological reactions were stabilized, each S was instructed to listen to the music and rate it on a form provided in terms of the music's affective reaction on hi...

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Section: (Cantinued Tram Page 65)supporting

confidence: 79%

GSR and breathing amplitude related to emotional reactions to music

Ries

1969

Psychon Sci

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“…A direct corollary is that reduced habituation reduces stimulus suppression. Immersion in an unrelentingly salient stimulus is known to be anxiogenic, as studies of the consequences of sensory bombardment have shown (32). Thus, aversion to environmental sounds that individuals with autism exhibit could arise from reduced habituation (33).…”

Section: The Pia Hypothesis As a Partial Account Of The Autism Phenotypementioning

confidence: 99%

Autism as a disorder of prediction

Sinha

Kjelgaard

Gandhi

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

480

414

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A rich collection of empirical findings accumulated over the past three decades attests to the diversity of traits that constitute the autism phenotypes. It is unclear whether subsets of these traits share any underlying causality. This lack of a cohesive conceptualization of the disorder has complicated the search for broadly effective therapies, diagnostic markers, and neural/genetic correlates. In this paper, we describe how theoretical considerations and a review of empirical data lead to the hypothesis that some salient aspects of the autism phenotype may be manifestations of an underlying impairment in predictive abilities. With compromised prediction skills, an individual with autism inhabits a seemingly "magical" world wherein events occur unexpectedly and without cause. Immersion in such a capricious environment can prove overwhelming and compromise one's ability to effectively interact with it. If validated, this hypothesis has the potential of providing unifying insights into multiple aspects of autism, with attendant benefits for improving diagnosis and therapy.probabilistic processing | endophenotype | Markov models | theory | heterogeneity

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“…Research on how stressors (environmental demands) affect perception and information processing during 26 tasks, including driving, is not new (Brown, 1962, Brown, Tickner, Simmonds, 1966Moscowitz, 1973;Finkelman & Glass, 1970;Plutchik, 1959). Given that excess stress and strain can hinder driving performance and increase accident likelihood during commute, the study of stressors in the roadway environment is obviously important.…”

Section: Environmental Conditions Affecting Driver Stress and Copingmentioning

confidence: 99%