The Effects of Hydraulic-Resistance Strength Training on Serum Lipid Levels in Prepubertal Boys

Weltman, Arthur

doi:10.1001/archpedi.1987.04460070079030

Cited by 26 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…All the four RCTs that addressed both adiposity and the metabolic outcomes of PRT utilized circuit training [52][53][54][55] for the delivery of the PRT, and three 52,54,55 of these studies included a dietary intervention in addition to the PRT making it impossible to ascertain the individual contribution from each component of the intervention. In the one RCT of isolated low-moderate intensity circuit training (n ¼ 32), 53 the change in adiposity was opposite to our findings, with Weltman et al reporting waist circumference significantly increased (2.4 cm) in the circuit training group compared with the control group who remained the same over a 14-week intervention. Dietary intake and habitual physical activity levels or total energy expenditure were not measured in this study, so it is unclear why these unexpected results may have occurred.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of high-intensity progressive resistance training on adiposity in children: a randomized controlled trial

2008

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Background: High-intensity progressive resistance training (PRT) improves adiposity and metabolic risk in adults, but has not been investigated in children within a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Objective: We hypothesized that high-intensity PRT (8 weeks, twice a week) would decrease central adiposity in children, as assessed via waist circumference. Methods Design/Setting/Participants: Concealed randomization stratified by age and gender was used to allocate rural New Zealand school students to the wait-list control or PRT group. Intervention: Participants were prescribed two sets (eight repetitions per set) of 11 exercises targeting all the major muscle groups at high intensity. Primary Outcome: Waist circumference; secondary outcomes included whole body fat, muscular fitness (one repetition maximum), cardiorespiratory fitness (peak oxygen consumption during a treadmill test), lipids, insulin sensitivity and fasting glucose. Results: Of the 78 children (32 girls and 46 boys; mean age 12.2(1.3) years), 51% were either overweight (33%) or obese (18%). High-intensity PRT significantly improved waist circumference (mean change PRT À0.8 (2.2) cm vs þ 0.5 (1.7) cm control; F ¼ 7.59, P ¼ 0.008), fat mass (mean change PRT þ 0.2 (1.4) kg vs þ 1.0 (1.2) kg control; F ¼ 6.00, P ¼ 0.017), percent body fat (mean change PRT -0.3 (1.8)% vs þ 1.2 (2.1)% control; F ¼ 9.04, P ¼ 0.004), body mass index (mean change PRT À0.01 (0.8) kg m À2 vs þ 0.4 (0.7) kg m À2 control; F ¼ 6.02, P ¼ 0.017), upper body strength (mean change PRT þ 11.6(6.1) kg vs þ 2.9(3.7) kg control; F ¼ 48.6, Po0.001) and lower body strength (mean change PRT þ 42.9(26.6) kg vs þ 28.5(26.6) kg control; F ¼ 4.72, P ¼ 0.034) compared to the control group. Waist circumference decreased the most in those with the greatest baseline relative strength (r ¼ À0.257, P ¼ 0.036), and greatest relative (r ¼ À0.400, P ¼ 0.001) and absolute (r ¼ 0.340, P ¼ 0.006) strength gains during the intervention. Conclusion: Isolated high-intensity PRT significantly improves central and whole body adiposity in association with muscle strength in normal-weight and overweight children. The clinical relevance and sustainability of these changes in adiposity should be addressed in future long-term studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of high-intensity progressive resistance training on adiposity in children: a randomized controlled trial

2008

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“…Briefly, improvements in body composition and blood lipid profiles have been observed (56,57). It appears that physical exercise may enhance the growth rate at a given stage of deveiopment but not affect the genotypic maximum (16).…”

Section: Other Training Benefitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance Training and Youth

Kraemer¹,

Fry²,

Frykman³

et al. 1989

Pediatric Exercise Science

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The use of resistance training for children has increased in popularity and interest. It appears that children are capable of voluntary strength gains. Exercise prescription in younger populations is critical and requires certain program variables to be altered from adult perspectives. Individualization is vital, as the rate of physiological maturation has an impact on the adaptations that occur. The major difference in programs for children is the use of lighter loads (i.e., > 6 RM loads). It appears that longer duration programs (i.e., 10-20 wks) are better for observing training adaptations. This may be due to the fact that it takes more exercise to stimulate adaptational mechanisms related to strength performance beyond that of normal growth rates. The risk of injury appears low during participation in a resistance training program, and this risk is minimized with proper supervision and instruction. Furthermore, with the incidence of injury in youth sports, participation in a resistance training program may provide a protective advantage in one’s preparation for sports participation.

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“…After the 12 week program VO 2max relative to body mass had significantly increased (average 6.8%) in the trained group but not in the control group. Weltman et al [22] implemented a program and showed an increase in mass related to peak VO 2 of 13.7% for the experimental group of prepubertal boys (n = 16). Mandigout et al [19] , indicate that 13 weeks of endurance training increases the VO 2 max of prepubertal children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have shown that T VO 2max does not increase with training before the peak of puberty [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] . In contrast, others [17][18][19][20][21][22][23] suggest that the VO 2max can be increased after a training program with aerobic dominance. Football and judo are two very different sports.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Comparative Study of Aerobic Performance Between Football and Judo Groups in Prepubertal Boys

et al. 2013

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The Effects of Hydraulic-Resistance Strength Training on Serum Lipid Levels in Prepubertal Boys

Cited by 26 publications

References 28 publications

The effect of high-intensity progressive resistance training on adiposity in children: a randomized controlled trial

The effect of high-intensity progressive resistance training on adiposity in children: a randomized controlled trial

Resistance Training and Youth

Comparative Study of Aerobic Performance Between Football and Judo Groups in Prepubertal Boys

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