The Effects of in-Vitro Fertilisation on Parent-Infant Communication

Abstract

Episodes 115 9.2 Correlations Between Infant Episodes 115 9.3 Correlations Between Mother and Infant Episodes 115 10. Correlations Between Episodes at Infant Age 21 Weeks with the Father 117 10.1 Intere orrelations between Paternal Episodes 117 10.2 Correlations Between Infant Episodes 117 10.3 Correlations Between Father and Infant Episodes 117 11. Answers Given to the Interview Schedule 120 12. Psychological Tests Administered 129 12.1 The Edinburgh Depression Scale (EDS) 130 12.2 The Recent Experiences Scale (RES) 12.3 Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID) 130 CHAPTER 8 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS 132 1. Effects of Infant Age on Behaviours of Infants and Mothers 132 1.1 Differences in Maternal Episodes 1.2 Differences in Infant Episodes 2. Discussion of the Correlations 2.1 Correlations in the Maternal Episodes 2.2 Correlations between Infant Behaviours 2.3 Correlations between Maternal and Infant Behaviour Episodes 3. Differences in the Behaviours of the three Fertility Groups 3.1 Comparison of Maternal Episodes in the Three groups 3.2 Comparison of Infant Episodes in the Three Groups 4. Discussion of the Interview Data 4.1 Summary of Findings regarding the Marital RelationshipPreface / 2Chapter 3 focuses upon studies conducted in an attempt to evaluate the emotional processes in mother-infant communication. In Chapter 4 the Pilot study is discussed. Chapter 5 presents the process employed for the recruitment of the subjects, as well as the procedure employed for the data collection. In Chapter 6 the focus is on the development of the coding system employed for the analysis of the videos. The statistical analysis and the results are presented in Chapter 7. In Chapter 8 the implications of the findings and their comparison to the previous findings are discussed. Introduction / 4When defining infertility, it is essential to distinguish between primary infertility, which refers to women who have never conceived, and secondary infertility, which refers to women who have conceived and have thereafter developed an infertility problem. HISTORICAL REVIEW OF INFERTILITYIn antiquity, fertility was thought to be controlled by magic, the Gods, or the moon, while astrology and numerology provided dates and numbers that could enhance the likelihood of conception (Leiblum, 1997). In many primitive tribes, such as the Ingarda Tribe in Australia, conception was not associated with the sexual act and fertilisation was thought to occur when the woman ate something specific. Also, the Trobian Islanders believed that pregnancy occurred with the rupture of the hymen by whatever means and that sexual intercourse was not associated with fertility (ibid.).Lazzaro Spallazani in 1786 was the first to establish that spermatozoa were essential for fertilisation, while only in 1827 Van Koltiker realised that spermatozoa were formed in the testicular cells and fertilised the ovum. J. Marion Sims, an American gynaecologist, as late as 1866, indicated with the microscope the presence of sperm in the semen (ibid.).The first American book ...