The effects of in vitro pesticide exposures on the phagocytic function of four native Australian freshwater fish

Harford, Andrew J.; O’Halloran, Kathryn; Wright, Paul

doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2005.09.005

Cited by 59 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…It is well known that reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress are involved in pesticide immunotoxicity (Harford et al 2005). Similary, the changes observed after stress induced by cyanotoxin increasing the intracellular production of H 2 O 2 and other ROS, leading to alterations in cell signaling pathways involved in cell growth and cell death.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Cytotoxic activity of the neurotoxin anatoxin-a on fish leukocytes in vitro and in vivo studies

Rymuszka

2012

Acta Vet. Brno

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The aim of this study was to investigate the potential cytotoxic effects of different concentrations (0.01, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1 and 1 µg/ml medium) of pure anatoxin-a on carp immune cells (in vitro study). Furthermore, changes in the cell immune functions isolated from 10 carp exposed by immersion to anatoxin-a (25 µg/l) for 5 days have been examined. Cytotoxicity of the toxin to leukocytes was determined by measuring intracellular adenosine triphosphate and glutathione concentrations. Lymphocyte proliferation was determined by measurement of bromodeoxyuridine incorporation during DNA synthesis. The phagocytes were assayed for intracellular production of reactive oxygen species. The in vitro results showed that pure toxin induced adverse effects on immune cells only after application of the higher concentrations (0.05, 0.1 and 1 µg/ml). Phagocytes exposed to anatoxin-a exhibited a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in glutathione concentration. The lymphocyte proliferation was decreased by the toxin, and B cells were more sensitive than T cells. The present study showed for the first time that anatoxin-a administered to fish by immersion, had suppressive effects on lymphocyte proliferation and the antioxidant potential of phagocytes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Cytotoxic activity of the neurotoxin anatoxin-a on fish leukocytes in vitro and in vivo studies

Rymuszka

2012

Acta Vet. Brno

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“…Pesticides also act as potent inhibitors of neutrophil functions (Wang et al 2010). While the effects of CPF and CBZ have been examined in rat, chicken and fish cells (Singhal et al 2003;Harford et al 2005;Baconi et al 2007), little is known about their effects on murine macrophages in vitro. Accordingly, in this study, effects of increasing concentrations of CPF and CBZ on peritoneal macrophage lysosomal enzyme activity and stimulated production/ release of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, interleukin (IL)-1b and nitric oxide (NO) were investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of macrophage functionality induced in vitro by chlorpyrifos and carbendazim pesticides

Helali

Ferchichi

Maaouia

et al. 2016

Journal of Immunotoxicology

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The immune response is the first defense against pathogens; however, it is very sensitive and can be impacted on by agrochemicals such as carbamate and organophosphate pesticides widely present in the environment. To understand how pesticides can affect immune cell function in vitro, this study investigated the effects of chlorpyrifos (CPF) and carbendazim (CBZ), the most commonly used pesticides worldwide, on murine immune cell (i.e. macrophage) functions, including lysosomal enzyme activity and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1b and TNFa) and nitric oxide (NO) production by isolated mouse peritoneal macrophages. This study showed for the first time that CPF and CBZ dose-relatedly reduced macrophage lysosomal enzyme activity and LPS-induced production of IL-1b, TNFa and NO. In general, the effects caused by CPF appeared more pronounced than those by CBZ. Collectively, these results demonstrated that CPF and CBZ exhibited marked immunomodulatory effects and could act as potent immunosuppressive factors in vitro. This inhibition of macrophage pro-inflammatory function may be an integral part of the underlying mode of action related to pesticide-induced immunosuppression.ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…However, in the crimsonspotted rainbowfish (Melanotaenia fluviatilis), granulocytes were the most sensitive subpopulation. The phagocytic activity of head kidney granulocytes was suppressed in golden perch, Murray cod, and rainbowfish, and of the native fish species tested, silver perch head kidney cells were the least sensitive to in vitro exposures of TBT and DBT [9]. In the present study, TBT and DBT were used as exemplar immunotoxins to assess the validity of immune function assays (i.e., mitogenstimulated lymphoproliferation and phagocytosis in head kidney tissue and serum lysozyme activity) and to compare the sensitivity of Murray cod to other fish species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, only limited studies have applied standardized immune functional assays to assess the immunotoxicity of environmental pollutants in native Australian freshwater fish [8][9][10]. Tributyltin (TBT) and dibutyltin (DBT) contamination of harbors and marinas has been a significant environmental concern because of their disruption of endocrine and reproductive functions and immunotoxic properties at very low concentrations [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of in vitro and in vivo organotin exposures on the immune functions of murray cod (Maccullochella peelii peelii)

Harford

O’Halloran

Wright

2007

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-Murray cod (Maccullochella peelii peelii) is an iconic native Australian freshwater fish and an ideal species for ecotoxicological testing of environmental pollutants. The species is indigenous to the Murray-Darling basin, which is the largest river system in Australia but also the ultimate sink for many environmental pollutants. The organotins tributyltin (TBT) and dibutyltin (DBT) are common pollutants of both freshwater and marine environments and are also known for their immunotoxicity in both mammals and aquatic organisms. In this study, TBT and DBT were used as exemplar immunotoxins to assess the efficiency of immune function assays (i.e., mitogen-stimulated lymphoproliferation, phagocytosis in head kidney tissue, and serum lysozyme activity) and to compare the sensitivity of Murray cod to other fish species. The organotins were lethal to Murray cod at concentrations previously reported as sublethal in rainbow trout (i.e., intraperitoneal [i.p.] lethal dose to 75% of the Murray cod [LD75] ϭ 2.5 mg/kg DBT and i.p. lethal dose to 100% of the Murray cod [LD100] ϭ 12.5 mg/kg TBT and DBT). In vivo TBT exposure at 0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg stimulated the phagocytic function of Murray cod (F ϭ 6.89, df ϭ 18, p ϭ 0.004), while the highest concentration of 2.5 mg/kg TBT decreased lymphocyte numbers (F ϭ 7.92, df ϭ 18, p ϭ 0.02) and mitogenesis (F ϭ 3.66, df ϭ 18, p ϭ 0.035). Dibutyltin was the more potent immunosuppressant in Murray cod, causing significant reductions in phagocytic activity (F ϭ 5.34, df ϭ 16, p ϭ 0.013) and lymphocyte numbers (F ϭ 10.63, df ϭ 16, p ϭ 0.001).

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The effects of in vitro pesticide exposures on the phagocytic function of four native Australian freshwater fish

Cited by 59 publications

References 21 publications

Cytotoxic activity of the neurotoxin anatoxin-a on fish leukocytes in vitro and in vivo studies

Cytotoxic activity of the neurotoxin anatoxin-a on fish leukocytes in vitro and in vivo studies

Modulation of macrophage functionality induced in vitro by chlorpyrifos and carbendazim pesticides

Effect of in vitro and in vivo organotin exposures on the immune functions of murray cod (Maccullochella peelii peelii)

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