The effects of increased constant incubation temperature and cumulative acute heat shock exposures on morphology and survival of Lake Whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) embryos

Lee, Abigail H.; Eme, John; Mueller, Casey A.; Manzon, Richard G.; Somers, Christopher M.; Boreham, Douglas R.; Wilson, Joanna Y.

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2016.01.010

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…A slight difference in body length emerged at the prehatch stage, wherein embryos from the heat‐shock regime were slightly (5%) longer. Another study on whitefish found similar results, where weekly 1 hr temperature spikes of varying magnitude (from 2°C to 5°C and from 2°C to 7°C) had no effect on incubation period, survival, or size at hatch relative to a constant 2°C regime (Lee et al, 2016). In future experiments, it may prove interesting to increase the frequency of heat shocks as body size of whitefish embryos in these experiments was affected by twice‐weekly heat shocks, but not by once‐weekly heat shocks of the same magnitude, suggesting, as others have (Kingsolver & Woods, 2016; Niehaus et al, 2012), that performance responds differently as the duration of exposures changes.…”

Section: What Have We Learned From Other Thermally Variable Regimes?mentioning

confidence: 69%

Thermal variability during ectotherm egg incubation: A synthesis and framework

Massey

Hutchings

2020

J Exp Zool Pt A

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Natural populations of ectothermic oviparous vertebrates typically experience thermal variability in their incubation environment. Yet an overwhelming number of laboratory studies incubate animals under constant thermal conditions that cannot capture natural thermal variability. Here, we systematically searched for studies that incubated eggs of ectothermic vertebrates, including both fishes and herpetofauna, under thermally variable regimes. We ultimately developed a compendium of 66 studies that used thermally variable conditions for egg incubation. In this review, we qualitatively discuss key findings from literature in the compendium, including the phenotypic effects resulting from different patterns of thermally variable incubation, as well as the ontogenetic persistence of these effects. We also describe a physiological framework for contextualizing some of these effects, based on thermal performance theory. Lastly, we highlight key gaps in our understanding of thermally variable incubation and offer suggestions for future studies.

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Section: What Have We Learned From Other Thermally Variable Regimes?mentioning

confidence: 69%

Thermal variability during ectotherm egg incubation: A synthesis and framework

Massey

Hutchings

2020

J Exp Zool Pt A

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“…The majority of natural mortality occurred within the first month of development. Once embryos reached the eyed stage, mortality remained minimal until close to hatch, which is typical in lake whitefish . A difference in hatch timing was observed in control dishes from chronic morpholine trials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…These slow development rates create the potential for prolonged exposure to environmental stressors and large accumulated doses. The impacts of thermal stress have been well studied in lake whitefish ; however, few studies have examined the effects of chemical exposure on development .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental effects of the industrial cooling water additives morpholine and sodium hypochlorite on lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis)

Thome

Mitz

Sreetharan

et al. 2016

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

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Chemicals used in the prevention of corrosion and biofouling may be released into the environment via industrial cooling water discharges. The authors assessed the impacts of 2 commonly used chemicals, morpholine and sodium hypochlorite, on development in lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis). Embryos were exposed chronically, beginning at fertilization or at the eyed stage. Acute 96-h exposures were also examined at 4 development stages. Chronic morpholine resulted in median lethal concentrations (LC50s) of 219 ± 54 mg/L when exposure began at fertilization and 674 ± 12 mg/L when exposure began at the eyed stage, suggesting that embryos are more sensitive earlier in development. Chronic morpholine exposure advanced hatching by up to 30%, and the early hatching embryos were up to 10% smaller in body length. A decrease in yolk conversion efficiency was also observed in embryos exposed to chronic morpholine concentrations of 1000 mg/L. The majority of effects from morpholine exposure manifested near hatch, possibly reflecting changes in chorion permeability at the end of embryonic development. Sodium hypochlorite only impacted survival with chronic exposure from fertilization, where the total residual chlorine LC50 was 0.52 ± 0.11 mg/L. Acute exposures to both chemicals had minimal effects up to the highest tested concentrations. Overall, the results suggest that the risk during development from exposure to morpholine and sodium hypochlorite is low under normal operating conditions. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:1955-1965. © 2016 SETAC.

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“…Acute temperature changes similar in magnitude and duration to those used in this study have been documented during in situ monitoring in winter near thermal discharge sites (Thome et al, 2016). Development rate in lake whitefish and other poikilotherms is influenced by both average temperature and temperature variability (Lee et al, 2016;Lim et al, 2017;Mueller et al, 2015). F I G U R E 5 Embryo morphometric measurements following incubation in the flume (set 2, 51 days: 11 January to 2 March 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Modifying effects of a cobble substrate on thermal environments and implications for embryonic development in lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis)

Thome

Laframboise

Mitz

et al. 2020

Journal of Fish Biology

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A laboratory flume was constructed to examine substrate effects on aquatic development. The flume was designed as a once-through system with a submerged cobble-filled corebox. Lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) embryos and temperature probes were deployed at multiple sites within the cobble and in the open water channel. Embryos were incubated in the flume for two different experimental periods: one to examine substrate impacts during natural lake cooling (37 days: 5 December 2016 to 10 January 2017) and the second to investigate substrate effects while administering a twice weekly 1 h heat shock (51 days: 11 January to 2 March 2017). During incubation, no significant difference was found in the average temperature between locations; however, temperatures were more stable within the cobble. Following both incubation periods, embryos retrieved from the cobble were significantly smaller in both dry mass and body length by up to 20%. These results demonstrate differences between embryos submerged in a cobble substrate and in the open water column, highlighting the need to consider the physical influences from the incubation environment when assessing development effects as part of any scientific study or environmental assessment. K E Y W O R D S cobble, embryonic development, lake whitefish, spawning ground substrate, temperature, thermal discharge 1 | INTRODUCTION Natural or anthropogenic changes in environmental conditions, in particular temperature, can have significant impacts on embryogenesis in aquatic poikilotherms. Within tolerance ranges for embryonic survival, these alterations can influence development rate, resulting in advanced or delayed hatching (Lim et al., 2017). Changes in hatch timing can subsequently impact survival in larval fish through trophic mismatch or by embryos hatching at a more or less developed phenotype (Cushing, 1990). Anthropogenic influences, such as cooling water discharges, are of particular concern to species that spawn in shallow water locations near industrial sites. Numerous studies have investigated the impacts of rearing temperature on embryonic development in salmonids with respect to hatching, size and other physiological parameters. In general, warmer temperatures will result in a shorter time to hatch (Sharpe and DeMichele, 1977). In lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis), the time from fertilization to median hatch can range from 180 days down to 60 days, with embryos raised at a constant incubation temperatures

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The effects of increased constant incubation temperature and cumulative acute heat shock exposures on morphology and survival of Lake Whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) embryos

Cited by 17 publications

References 39 publications

Thermal variability during ectotherm egg incubation: A synthesis and framework

Thermal variability during ectotherm egg incubation: A synthesis and framework

Developmental effects of the industrial cooling water additives morpholine and sodium hypochlorite on lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis)

Modifying effects of a cobble substrate on thermal environments and implications for embryonic development in lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis)

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