The effects of increasing doses of nickel and lead applications on some oriental tobacco varieties

Abstract

Heavy metals are hazardous pollutants for humans, animals and plants, when their threshold concentration exceeds. Tobacco can accumulate higher concentrations of heavy metals, and the genotypic differences of tobacco in heavy metal uptake and their growth responses have not been clearly examined. In this study, the effects of nickel (Ni) and lead (Pb) on phytoremediation capabilities were tested in four local Oriental tobacco cultivars (Basma, Akhisar, Sarıbağlar and Dibek). In two pot experiments, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (P) were applied in fıxed doses, while Pb and Ni were applied at 4 different doses (10, 50, 100 and 150 mg kg -1 ). Plants were harvested after 50 days of growing period, and separated into roots, stems, leaves. The biomass values were measured, and Pb and Ni concentrations were quantified in plant organs. Results revealed that Basma cultivar had the highest total biomass value with 16.63 and 15.92 g pot -1 for Ni and Pb contents, respectively. While, the lowest total biomass was recorded in Dibek cultivar with 7.09 and 5.71 g pot -1 for Ni and Pb respectively. The biomass, Ni and Pb uptake and accumulation capabilities remained in the following order of cultivars Basma>Akhisar>Sarıbağlar>Dibek. Depending on the application doses, Ni and Pb concentrations of different plant parts (roots, stems and leaves) of all varieties showed significant (p<0.01) increases compared to the control treatments. All of the plant parts of Basma variety had higher Ni and Pb concentrations than the Akhisar, Sarıbağlar and Dibek variety. Nickel concentrations in the roots, stemsand leaves of different cultivars were determined to be the least in the control application and the highest in the NPK+150 mg kg -1 Ni (Ni 4 ) application. Lead concentrations in the roots, stems and leaves of different cultivars were determined to be the least in the control application and the highest in the NPK+150 mg kg -1 Pb (Pb 4 ) 3 application. Basma variety with higher Enrichment Factor (EF) and Bioaccumulation Factor (BAF) values were also found to be more effective than the other varieties for phytoremediation of Ni and Pb.The objective of this study was to examine the Ni and Pb uptake, transport and accumulation properties of oriental tobacco with special emphasis on its different varieties.

Valuation of the Quality Level of Bulgarian Tobacco from the Market Sector of “Basmi” Variety Group

“…Respectively, nicotine contents closer to the range minimum were found in "Krumovgrad 58" variety from regions Krumovgrad (sub-region Potochnitsa, KR 02) and Svilengrad (sub-regions Svilengrad-Yaka and Harmanli-Yaka, KR 07 and KR 08), as well as in "Krumovgrad 90" variety from Krumovgrad (micro-region Baratsi, KR 01). The registered nicotine levels were in compliance with other data [12,17], being slightly higher than those reported in [9,[14][15][16], and lower than those in [8].…”

“…Changes in any of these factors can result in significant differences in the chemical composition and, accordingly, in the smoking properties of tobacco. Therefore, plenty of research activity has been devoted to the analysis of these factors and their influence on tobacco quality, in order to steer them in the desired direction [4][5][6][7][8][9]. The inefficient resource use poses serious risks to the high-quality Oriental tobaccos.…”

“…Nicotine content varied between 0.42% and 0.83%, reducing sugars -12.9-22.8%, and mineral matter (ash) -9.7-2.0% [14]. A study on the quality of Oriental tobaccos produced in 2017 in the same region of Turkey determined the following ranges of variation: nicotine -from 0.19% to 0.86%; reducing sugars -from 12.9% to 32.48%; ash -from 12.2% to 23.1% [9]. Another study in Tavas district in the same region in 2021 reported nicotine content in "Saribaglar 407" variety ranging from 0.6% to 0.91%, and reducing sugars from 4.36% to 5.3% [15].…”

A Method of Using a Ground Fan to Remove Tobacco Stem Sticks During the Tobacco Production Process

“…Bartucca [2] believes that improper use of fertilizers can have a negative impact on tobacco quality. Tepecik [3] believes that there are certain differences in the quality of tobacco harvested at different times. Li Lin [4] proposed a tobacco moisture control method based on deep learning, which improved the quality of the product.…”