THE EFFECTS OF INFECTION WITH <i>NOSEMA APIS</i> ON THE PHAHYNGEAL SALIVARY GLANDS OF THE WORKER HONEY‐BEE.

Hassanein, M. H.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3032.1952.tb00140.x

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Nosema-infected workers less frequently attend the queen but more often perform guard duty than healthy workers (Wang and Moeller, 1970). Infected workers also have less developed hypopharyngeal glands (Hassanein, 1952;Wang and Moeller, 1969;Wang and Moeller, 1971) and their gland secretion is diluted (Liu, 1990). Nosema attacks the epithelial cells of the mid-gut of the imago, and markedly shortens worker longevity (Hassanein, 1953;Rinderer and Sylvester, 1978;Malone and Giacon, 1996;Mattila and Otis, 2006;Woyciechowski and Moroń, 2009).…”

Section: Influence Of Diseases Poisoning Injury and Other Harmful Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shorter-lived workers start foraging earlier

Tofilski

2009

Insect. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In social insects it is often observed that young workers perform tasks inside the nest and later switch to tasks outside the nest. By doing this the workers maximize their expected longevity, because tasks inside the nest are safe and tasks outside the nest are risky. The optimal strategy of workers should be expected to depend not only on their age but also on their health status if it is associated with reduction of longevity. Here a mathematical model is used to calculate the optimal time of switching between safe and risky tasks in a colony consisting of both healthy and unhealthy workers. The model predicts that unhealthy workers, with shorter longevity, should perform more risky tasks at an earlier age than their healthy nest mates should. The optimal time to switch between safe and risky tasks depends on the proportion of healthy and unhealthy workers in the colony, but the workers need not perceive the health status of their nest mates in order to adopt the optimal strategy. The workers need only perceive their own life expectancy, because the life expectancy of healthy and unhealthy workers should be the same at the time of switching from safe to risky tasks. The model predictions agree with a wide range of empirical data presented in this paper. Workers that are infected, poisoned, injured or affected by other harmful factors start to forage and perform other risky tasks at an earlier age than their healthy nest mates.

show abstract

Section: Influence Of Diseases Poisoning Injury and Other Harmful Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shorter-lived workers start foraging earlier

Tofilski

2009

Insect. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The disease occurs throughout the world, including Croatia, and causes significant honey production and economic losses, such as reduced yields of honey and other bee products (Anderson and Giacon, 1992), and poor pollination resulting in lower quality and reduced yields in agriculture (Goodwin et al, 1990). Honey bees afflicted with nosemosis start to forage earlier (Fries, 1995), while pathological changes of their mid -gut epithelial cells, as well as digestive and metabolic disorders (Hassanein, 1951), cause malnutrition (Muresan et al, 1975) resulting in decreased populations in honey bee colonies (Malone et al, 1995), leading to premature colony deaths (Morse and Shimanuki, 1990). Affected honey bees tend to die away from the hive, and there are no obvious signs of disease, making it difficult to notice, hence it is often referred to as "the silent killer" (Hornitzky, 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and distribution of Nosema ceranae in Croatian honeybee colonies

Gajger¹,

Grilec²,

Petrinec³

2010

Vet. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nosema disease of European honey bees afflicts bees worldwide. Nosema ceranae is a recently described microsporidian parasite of the honey bee (Apis mellifera) and its geographical distribution is not well known. The disease may have many negative effects on bee colonies and cause high losses for apiculture and consequently in agriculture. With this in mind, a total of 204 samples of dead bees from different localities in Croatia were selected and investigated for distribution, prevalence and diversity of N. ceranae infection, using light microscopic examination and multiplex PCR. Our results show that N. ceranae is the only nosema species found to infect honeybees in our geographically varied collection. The nucleotide sequences of amplicons from Nosema-infested honeybee samples were 100% identical with the N. ceranae sequence deposited in the GenBank database. N. ceranae infected bees were found in samples collected from each of 21 districts, and in all three climatic areas, i.e., mediterranean, mountain, and continental parts regions of Croatia.

show abstract

“…The microsporidian parasite, Nosema apis, for instance, can damage ovarian tissue. This parasite can also prevent eggs from hatching, it may halt oviposition, and it may even render a weakened queen susceptible to supersedure or death (Hassanein, 1951). At the colony level, the influence of queen replacement caused by Nosema infection appears to primarily affect nurse bees and therefore worker production in afflicted colonies could be seriously …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Honey Bee (Apis Mellifera Carnica, Pollman 1879) Queens Reared in Slovenian Commercial Breeding Stations

Gregorc

Škerl

2015

Journal of Apicultural Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A b s t r a c t In this three-year-trial study, we examined the quality of mated queens based on morphological and physiology traits. At each location, sister queen bees were reared each year from one Apis mellifera carnica breeder queen. Queens were also reared and mated in different locations. Altogether, we sampled and analysed 324 queens from 27 apiaries in 2006, 288 queens from 24 apiaries in 2008, and 276 queens from 23 apiaries in 2010. Nine queens from each apiary were sampled and dissected for morphological analyses and Nosema ceranae (N. ceranae) spores, if present, were quantified. Three queens from each apiary were prepared and tested for four viruses: acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), black queen cell virus (BQCV), deformed wing virus (DWV), and sacbrood virus (SBV). The highest average queen weight of 209.49 ± 9.82 mg was detected in 2008. The highest average ovary weight of 78.67 ± 11.86 mg was detected in 2010, and the highest number of ovarioles was 161.59 ± 8.70 in 2006. The average number of spermatozoa in queens ranged from 3.30 x 10 6 in 2006 to 5.23 x 10 6 in 2010. Nosema ceranae spores were found in queens sampled in 2008 and 2010. Viruses were discovered sporadically during the queen testing periods from 2006 -2010. This study importantly demonstrates that queens from rearing stations require regular evaluation for morphological and physiological changes as well as for infection from harmful pathogens. These results could also be used in establishing relevant commercial standards for rearing quality queens. Keywords: bee virus, Nosema spp., ovariole, ovary, queen rearing, spermatheca.Agricultural institute of Slovenia, Hacquetova ulica 17, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia INTRODUCTIONThe Carniolan honeybee bee, Apis mellifera carnica Pollman 1879, is an indigenous subspecies and has been preserved in all the five geographic areas of Slovenia: Prekmurje, Štajerska, Gorenjska, Dolenjska, and the Central Region. Queen producers annually test the performance of selected colonies for queen evaluation and for further breeding. The aims of queen breeding in Slovenia are to both preserve native wildtype strains and to maintain desirable honeybee traits. However, various environmental factors can affect the quality of queen bees; for example, the rearing season and weather can alter the queens' development rate (Mahbobi et al., 2012). Therefore, evaluating morphological, behavioural, and reproductive traits of male and female bees in response to the climate within apiaries, is also important when selecting for queens. Morphological traits such as body size and a bee's reproductive performance are often linked and subject to environmental factors (Reiss, 1989). If the bee is a queen, any change in body weight can irrevocably alter her egg laying capacity (Harbo, 1986). Heavier queens have more ovarioles and larger spermathecae that are capable of holding more sperm (Woyke, 1971;Szabo, 1973;Eid et al., 1980). Even large queens may lose reproductive fitness when afflicted with pathogens and parasites. The mi...

show abstract

THE EFFECTS OF INFECTION WITH NOSEMA APIS ON THE PHAHYNGEAL SALIVARY GLANDS OF THE WORKER HONEY‐BEE.

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Shorter-lived workers start foraging earlier

Shorter-lived workers start foraging earlier

Prevalence and distribution of Nosema ceranae in Croatian honeybee colonies

Characteristics of Honey Bee (Apis Mellifera Carnica, Pollman 1879) Queens Reared in Slovenian Commercial Breeding Stations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About