The effects of inulin, dried Jerusalem artichoke tuber and a multispecies probiotic preparation on microbiota ecology and immune status of the large intestine in young pigs

Abstract

The study aimed at determining the effect of two types of prebiotics and a multispecies probiotic on microbiota activity and composition, as well as mucosal immunity in the large intestine of young pigs. In total 48 piglets were divided into 6 groups (n = 8), which received from day 10 of life probiotic-unsupplemented (PU) or probiotic-supplemented (PS) diets. Probiotics were added at 0.5 g/kg diet and contained: Lactococcus lactis, Carnobacterium divergens, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The PU and PS diets were formulated without prebiotic addition (control) or with addition of 2% of inulin from chicory root (IN) or 4% of dried Jerusalem artichoke tubers (DJA). After 40 days of feeding, digesta and tissue samples were taken from the caecum and three sections of the colon for analyses of microbiota activity and composition, secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL). IN diets decreased the caecal digesta pH and β-glucosidase activity but increased propionic, valeric and total short chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations compared to control diets. Feeding DJA diets increased caecal valeric acid level, decreased the concentration of isoacids in the colon, reduced β-glucosidase and β-glucuronidase activity in the middle colon and increased Bifidobacterium spp. populations in the proximal and distal colon. PS diets increased the caecal acetic acid and total SCFA level, and Clostridium spp. populations in the distal colon. Neither probiotic nor prebiotics affected sIgA level or IEL number in the large intestine. In conclusion, DJA modified the microbiota ecology in the large intestine of young pigs to a greater extent than IN and the applied probiotic did not enhance effects of prebiotics.

Modulation of ruminal and intestinal fermentation by medicinal plants and zinc from different sources

“…The activity of bacterial β‐glucuronidase was analysed spectrophotometrically according to Barszcz et al. (), while that of β‐glucosidase and mucinase was done according to Barszcz, Taciak, and Skomial (). For determination of ion concentration, digesta samples (ca.…”

Effect of Replacing Soybean Meal by Raw or Extruded Pea Seeds on Growth Performance and Selected Physiological Parameters of the Ileum and Distal Colon of Pigs

“…Samples of colonic digesta for the isolation of bacterial DNA were treated according to the previously described method [45], and DNA was extracted using Wizard Genomic DNA purification kit (Promega, Madison, WI, USA) and the modified manufacturer’s protocol [46]. The concentration and purity of DNA were analysed using a NanoDrop ND-1000 spectrophotometer (Thermo-Scientific, Wilmington, DE, USA).…”

“…and for Clostridium spp.) as described previously [47, 46]. PCR products were visualized by densitometric scanning with an ImageJ 1.47v programme (National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA) after electrophoresis in a 2% agarose gel stained with ethidium bromide.…”

“…The activity of β-glucuronidase and β-glucosidase in the colonic digesta was measured colourimetrically [43, 46]. Phenolphthalein β-D-glucuronide (75 mM) was the substrate for β-glucuronidase and 5 mM p -nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside was the substrate for β-glucosidase.…”

Effects of dietary supplementation with Jerusalem artichoke (<i>Helianthus tuberosus</i> L.) tubers on growth performance, nutrient digestibility as well as activity and composition of large intestinal microbiota in rats

“…In vivo studies on prebiotics like inulin and fructooligosaccharides have demonstrated encouraging results, mainly attributed to the effect of these probiotics on fibre utilization, apparent absorption of calcium and phosphorus and modulation of hindgut fermentation (Delzenne et al, 1995;Wolf et al, 1998;Strickling et al, 2000;Hesta et al, 2001;Swanson et al, 2002;Propst et al, 2003;Rideout and Fan, 2004;Kleessen et al, 2007;Ramnani et al, 2010;Samal et al, 2012). In a recent study, the authors have demonstrated the beneficial effects of JA tubers powder addition on gut health (Barszcz et al, 2016). Unlike to the supplementation with purified inulin, the present experiment was undertaken to assess the influence of different levels of pulverized JA tuber addition on growth performance, nutrient utilization and hindgut fermentation in rats.…”