The effects of land use change on mercury distribution in soils of Alta Floresta, Southern Amazon

Lacerda, Luiz Drude de; Souza, Margareth de; Ribeiro, Mario G.

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2003.10.013

Cited by 105 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The resulting mercury pollution of the aquatic environment is taken up by the halieutic resources (Farella et al, 2001;Roulet et al, 2001). These important pathways of exposure, later confirmed for other watersheds of the Amazonian Basin (Fostier et al, 2000;Lechler et al, 2000;Fadini and Jardim, 2001;Wasserman et al, 2003;Lacerda et al, 2004;Almeida et al, 2005;Bastos et al, 2006;Farella et al, 2006Farella et al, , 2007Mainville et al, 2006), constitute a continuous source of mercury exposure for the large number of traditional and immigrant communities of the region that rely on fish consumption as a dietary mainstay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Daily mercury intake in fish-eating populations in the Brazilian Amazon

Passos

Silva

Lemire

et al. 2007

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

113

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Although high levels of fish consumption and bioindicators of mercury exposure have been reported for traditional populations in the Amazon, little is known about their actual daily intake of Hg. Using an ecosystem approach, calculate daily mercury intake in adult fish-eaters, examine the relations between mercury intake and bioindicators of exposure and the factors that influence these relations. A cross-sectional dietary survey on fish and fruit consumption frequency was carried out with 256 persons from six villages of the Tapajo´s River. Fish portion per meal was determined. Mercury concentration was determined for 1123 local fish specimens. Daily mercury intake (mg/kg/day) was determined for men and women from each village using the average fish-mercury concentration for the fish caught in their fishing zone, the average quantity of fish per meal, fish-species frequency consumption and participants' body weight. Fish-mercury averaged 0.33 mg/g70.33. Daily mercury intake varied between 0 and 11.8 mg/kg/day (mean 0.92 mg/kg/day70.89) and varied by gender and village. Mean blood-and hair-mercury were 58.7736.1 mg/l and 17.9711.5 mg/g, respectively. There was a strong and positive relation between blood-mercury and daily mercury intake, with an inverse relation for fruit intake and schooling; significant variations were observed with immigrant status, and among villages. Hair-mercury was directly associated with daily mercury intake and inversely related to schooling and fruit consumption. Fruit consumption modified the relation between daily mercury intake and blood-mercury levels: for the same daily mercury intake, persons eating more fruit had lower blood-mercury concentrations (ANCOVA Interaction term: F ¼ 10.9, Po0.0001). The median difference of the ratio of blood-mercury to daily mercury intake between low and high fruit consumers was 26, representing a 26.3% reduction. These findings reveal high levels of daily mercury intake. Rigorous studies for developing risk-based reference doses in the Amazon should be undertaken to orient viable risk-management strategies to reduce exposure, while maintaining fish diet.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Daily mercury intake in fish-eating populations in the Brazilian Amazon

Passos

Silva

Lemire

et al. 2007

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

113

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“…Concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in the digestion solution were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (Thermo iCAP 6300, USA). Concentrations of As and Hg in the soils were determined by atomic fluorescence spectrometry (Titan AFS 830, China) after digestion of the soil samples with HNO 3 :HCl (10 ml, 1:1 v/v) at 100°C for 2 h and hydride generation with NaBH 4 in HCl medium (Lacerda et al, 2004). All the chemicals used were of guaranteed reagent grade.…”

Section: Soil Sampling and Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate and geostatistical analyses of the spatial distribution and origin of heavy metals in the agricultural soils in Shunyi, Beijing, China

Wang

Qin

et al. 2012

Science of The Total Environment

434

121

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An extensive survey was conducted in this study to determine the spatial distribution and possible sources of heavy metals in the agricultural soils in Shunyi, a representative agricultural suburb in Beijing, China. A total of 412 surface soil samples were collected at a density of one sample per km 2 , and concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn were analyzed. The mean values of the heavy metals were 7.85± 2.13, 0.136 ±0.061, 22.4 ±6.31, 0.073 ±0.049, 20.4 ±5.2, and 69.8 ±16.5 mg kg − 1 for As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn, respectively, slightly higher than their background values of Beijing topsoil with the exception of Pb, but lower than the guideline values of Chinese Environmental Quality Standard for Soils. Multivariate and geostatistical analyses suggested that soil contamination of Cd, Cu and Zn was mainly derived from agricultural practices. Whereas, As and Pb were due mainly to soil parent materials, and Hg was caused by the atmospheric deposits from Beijing City. The identification of heavy metal sources in agricultural soils is a basis for undertaking appropriate action to protect soil quality.

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“…Estes autores observaram que as correlações entre os fluxos de MGT e a temperatura do solo foram maiores durante a noite, e sugeriram que deve existir uma influência adicional de um mecanismo fotoindutivo sobre os fluxos de MGT. Por outro lado, Lacerda et al 44 mostraram que, na região de Alta Floresta (MT), as concentrações de mercúrio total em solos superficiais (0-10 cm) de floresta são de 1,5 a 3 vezes maiores que em solos cobertos por pastagem. A maior emissão de mercúrio gasoso na interface solo/ atmosfera em área de pastagem foi apontada por estes autores coma sendo um dos processos que poderia explicar a diminuição das concentrações de mercúrio observada após a mudança de uso do solo (floresta -pastagem).…”

Section: Fluxos De Mgt Na Interface Solo/atmosferaunclassified

“…Alguns parâmetros físico-químicos dos solos, como percentagem de matéria orgânica, granulometria e concentração de mercúrio, foram determinados para os solos das áreas de estudo e são apresentados na Tabela 4. As concentrações de Hg total na camada superficial (0-10 cm) variaram de 60 a 159 ng g -1 e estão dentro da faixa encontrada para uma parte dos solos da região Amazônica 44,49,50 , embora faixas de concentrações maiores foram também encontradas em solos desta região 23,45,51,52 . O número ainda limitado de dados não permitiu estabelecer nenhuma correlação entre os parâmetros levantados e os fluxos de Hg medidos nas diferentes áreas.…”

Section: Fluxos De Mgt Na Interface Solo/atmosferaunclassified

Quantificação de fluxos de mercúrio gasoso na interface solo/atmosfera utilizando câmara de fluxo dinâmica: aplicação na bacia do Rio Negro

Magarelli¹,

Fostier²

2005

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 1/7/04; aceito em 28/3/05; publicado na web em 10/8/05QUANTIFICATION OF ATMOSPHERE -SOIL MERCURY FLUXES BY USING A DYNAMIC FLUX CHAMBER: APPLICATION AT THE NEGRO RIVER BASIN, AMAZON. Gaseous mercury sampling conditions were optimized and a dynamic flux chamber was used to measure the air/surface exchange of mercury in some areas of the Negro river basin with different vegetal coverings. At the two forest sites (flooding and non-flooding), low mercury fluxes were observed: maximum of 3 pmol m -2 h -1 -day and minimum of -1 pmol m -2 h -1 -night. At the deforested site, the mercury fluxes were higher and always positive: maximum of 26 pmol m -2 h -1 -day and 17 pmol m -2 h -1 -night. Our results showed that deforestation could be responsible for significantly increasing soil Hg emissions, mainly because of the high soil temperatures reached at deforested sites.Keywords: mercury fluxes; atmosphere-soil exchange; flux chamber. INTRODUÇÃOUma das características mais marcantes do Hg em relação a outros metais é sua capacidade de ser emitido ou reemitido para a atmosfera, principalmente na sua forma gasosa elementar (Hg 0 ). Devido a algumas de suas propriedades tais como baixa reatividade e baixa solubilidade em água, o Hg 0 apresenta um tempo de residência na atmosfera da ordem de um ano, facilitando sua distribuição e deposição numa escala global, razão pela qual foi desenvolvido o conceito de "poluente global" para esse elemento 1 . Na atmosfera, o Hg pode participar de vários processos e/ou interações de natureza química, física ou fotoquímica, propiciando sua transferência para os compartimentos aquáticos e terrestres, bem como sua possível conversão a metil-mercúrio (MeHg) 2 . A propriedade do MeHg de ser bio-acumulado em até um milhão de vezes ao longo da cadeia alimentar em meio aquático constitui uma das principais preocupações ambientais da ecotoxicologia do mercúrio, justificando o estudo do seu ciclo biogeoquímico e, em particular, dos processos de transferência desse elemento entre os diferentes compartimentos 1,2 .O "Expert Panel" 3 estimou que aproximadamente 95% das 200.000 t de Hg mobilizados desde 1890 acumulam-se atualmente nos solos superficiais. A reemissão de uma parcela desse estoque seria equivalente ao total das emissões antrópicas dos Estados Unidos 4 . As florestas cobrem aproximadamente 4x10 9 ha da superfície terrestre, e o destino do Hg estocado, seja no solo, seja na vegetação, é ainda amplamente desconhecido. Considerando que a Amazônia brasileira é coberta por 0,4x10 9 ha de floresta 5 , ou seja, 10% da área coberta por florestas no planeta, justifica-se a importância de se estudar os processos de transferência do Hg nesse ecossistema. Esta necessidade aumenta se for considerada a pequena quantidade de dados já obtidos em áreas de florestas tropicais úmidas, sendo que a maioria dos dados disponíveis são relativos a florestas temperadas e boreais 2,6,7 .Vários estudos já foram realizados com o objetivo de medir in situ as taxas de emissão ou de deposição do mercúrio gasoso t...

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The effects of land use change on mercury distribution in soils of Alta Floresta, Southern Amazon

Cited by 105 publications

References 33 publications

Daily mercury intake in fish-eating populations in the Brazilian Amazon

Daily mercury intake in fish-eating populations in the Brazilian Amazon

Multivariate and geostatistical analyses of the spatial distribution and origin of heavy metals in the agricultural soils in Shunyi, Beijing, China

Quantificação de fluxos de mercúrio gasoso na interface solo/atmosfera utilizando câmara de fluxo dinâmica: aplicação na bacia do Rio Negro

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