The Effects of Localized Cathode-Ray Particle Irradiation of the Hypophysis and Whole-Body X-Irradiation on Gonadotrophin, Thyrotrophin, and Adrenocorticotrophin of the Rat Pituitary

Mateyko, G. M.; Edelmann, Abraham

doi:10.2307/3570343

Cited by 28 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…In these dogs there were no appreciable changes in They concluded therefore that total-body X-irradiation is a stressor which activates the pituitary-adrenal system just as any other stressor. In contrast, these findings are definitely contradictory to the observations made by Mateyko and Edelmann (1954) who irradiated the pituitary alone. They observed that a significant rise in ACTH activity of the pituitary occurred at 1 hr and it persisted at least by 24 hrs, which indicates an inhibition of the pituitary output of ACTH soon after irradia tion.…”

Section: The Effect Of Head X-irradiation On Adrenal 17-hydroxycorticcontrasting

confidence: 78%

“…As to the discharge of pituitary gonadotrophin after irradiation, previous investigators reported that a depletion of pituitary gonadotrophin activity occurs after irradiation in rabbit (Lane et al 1954) and rats (Mateyko and Edelmann 1954). Witschi et al (1932) have also previously demonstrated an increase in the level of circulating gonadotrophins in rats.…”

Section: The Effect Of Head X-irradiation On Adrenal 17-hydroxycorticmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, the results of Binhammer and Crocker (1963), who experimented on the discharge of adrenocorticotrophin, appeared to be contradictory. Furthermore, according to Mateyko and Edelmann (1954), localized irradiation to the pituitary alone produced rapid increases in the adrenocorticotrophin activity of the pituitary, but it caused substantial decreases in the gonadotrophin levels.During the last fifteen years, the important role of the hypothalamus in control of hormone release by the pituitary has been judged from a number of studies of endocrine functions of the pituitary. Additionally, since other regions Received for publciation, July 13, 1972.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mateyko and Edelmann (1954) reported that exposure of the total body to doses of 1,000R resulted in a significant rise in the adrenocorticotrophin activity of the pituitary and a depletion in gonadotrophin activity after irradiation. However, the results of Binhammer and Crocker (1963), who experimented on the discharge of adrenocorticotrophin, appeared to be contradictory.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Responses of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenaland -Gonadal Systems to Head X-irradiation

Shimizu

Mieno

Yamashita

1973

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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immediate effect of head X -irradiation on the hypo thalamic-pituitary-adrenal and -gonadal systems was investigated in adult male dogs. Under pentobarbital anesthesia , the animals were given 200-1 ,000 R of X-irradiation to their heads. During a period of 125minutes after ex posure, adrenal and testicular venous blood samples were collected intermittently, and were analyzed for 17-hydroxycorticosteroids and 17-oxosteroids , respectively. Af ter X-irradiation of 200 R, there was a subtle decrease in the secretory activity of the adrenal cortex, but it returned to pre-radiation levels by 30minutes . Exposure to doses of 500 R was accompanied by a rapid and temporary stimula tion of the adrenal cortex and its effect lasted for approximately 60-90 minutes . At doses of 1,000 R, there was an initial decrease in adrenocortical secretion followed by an appreciable increase within approximately 30-60minutes after irradiation.However, head X-irradiation with doses of 200-1 ,000 R failed to produce a notable increase in the secretory activity of the testis. It is thus suggested that exposure of the head to 500-1,000 R of X-rays can elicit a rapid and temporary activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis during the immediate period after irradiation but it does not exhibit any activity in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. head X-irradiation; adrenal 17-hydroxycorticosteroid secretion; testicular 17-oxosteroid secretion; hypo thalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis; dogThere are reports which indicate that the activities of adrenocorticotrophin and gonadotrophins in the pituitary are altered after irradiation. Mateyko and Edelmann (1954) reported that exposure of the total body to doses of 1,000R resulted in a significant rise in the adrenocorticotrophin activity of the pituitary and a depletion in gonadotrophin activity after irradiation. However, the results of Binhammer and Crocker (1963), who experimented on the discharge of adrenocorticotrophin, appeared to be contradictory. Furthermore, according to Mateyko and Edelmann (1954), localized irradiation to the pituitary alone produced rapid increases in the adrenocorticotrophin activity of the pituitary, but it caused substantial decreases in the gonadotrophin levels.During the last fifteen years, the important role of the hypothalamus in control of hormone release by the pituitary has been judged from a number of studies of endocrine functions of the pituitary. Additionally, since other regions Received for publciation, July 13, 1972. 155

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Section: The Effect Of Head X-irradiation On Adrenal 17-hydroxycorticcontrasting

confidence: 78%

Section: The Effect Of Head X-irradiation On Adrenal 17-hydroxycorticmentioning

confidence: 97%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Responses of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenaland -Gonadal Systems to Head X-irradiation

Shimizu

Mieno

Yamashita

1973

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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The effects of critical dosages of gamma irradiation upon the capacity of the pituitary gland of bufo to secrete thyrotrophic hormone

Allen¹,

Bachman²

1956

J. Exp. Zool.

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EIGHT FIGURESIn a recent paper (Allen et al., '53b) it was shown that exposure of newly metamorphosed toads to x-irradiation up to 20,000r did not decrease the capacity of their pituitary glands to secrete thyrotrophic hormone when they were transplanted into immature unirradiated tadpoles. On the other hand a dosage of 50,000 r of gamma irradiation very greatly reduced the secretory capacity. The thyrotrophic hormone secreted during the 20 days of the experiment was assayed by the growth of the hind limbs and the shedding of the cuticular teeth of the hosts as caused by the induced activity of the thyroid glands.I n the present paper the effects of dosages intermediate to those levels are covered. A more detailed study of the cytology of the transplants and of the stimulated thyroid glands of the hosts is also presented.It should be emphasized that this study does not concern the effects of irradiation upon the secreted thyrotrophic hormone, but upon the mechanism that secretes it since no irradiation is given after the transplantation of the gland.

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Phänomenologie der Strahlenwirkungen auf Organe und Organsysteme

Cottier¹

1966

Handbuch Der Medizinischen Radiologie / Encyclopedia of Medical Radiology

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The Effects of Localized Cathode-Ray Particle Irradiation of the Hypophysis and Whole-Body X-Irradiation on Gonadotrophin, Thyrotrophin, and Adrenocorticotrophin of the Rat Pituitary

Cited by 28 publications

References 21 publications

Responses of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenaland -Gonadal Systems to Head X-irradiation

Responses of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenaland -Gonadal Systems to Head X-irradiation

The effects of critical dosages of gamma irradiation upon the capacity of the pituitary gland of bufo to secrete thyrotrophic hormone

Phänomenologie der Strahlenwirkungen auf Organe und Organsysteme

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