The effects of long term administration of psychotropic drugs on human sleep: II. The effects of reserpine

Hartmann, Ernest; Cravens, James

doi:10.1007/bf00429086

Cited by 55 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…In this regard, it is well to remember that several other drugs have been reported to induce or increase REM sleep: 5-hydroxytryptophan (Wyatt, 1972), reserpine (Hartmann and Cravens, 1973), LSD (Torda, 1968), the alpha-adrenergic receptor blockers phenoxybenzamine (Hartmann and Zwilling, 1976) and thymoxamine (Oswald et al, 1975), alpha-methylpara-tyrosine (Wyatt, 1972), and nicotinamide (Robinson et al, 1977). The ultimate goal, therefore, is understanding the integration of diverse neuronal systems, cholinergic as well as others, in the regulation of behavior and the states of consciousness.…”

Section: Discussion Of Cholinergic Mechanisms In Sleep-wakefulnessmentioning

confidence: 96%

Acetylcholine: Possible Involvement in Sleep and Analgesia

Sitaram

Gillin

1979

Brain Acetylcholine and Neuropsychiatric Disease

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Section: Discussion Of Cholinergic Mechanisms In Sleep-wakefulnessmentioning

confidence: 96%

Acetylcholine: Possible Involvement in Sleep and Analgesia

Sitaram

Gillin

1979

Brain Acetylcholine and Neuropsychiatric Disease

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“…This is supported by the fact that drugs, such as reserpine, which deplete noradrenaline have opposite effects on REM (Hartmann, 1973). Furthermore, it is generally agreed that f3-adrenoceptor antagonists have very little effect on REM parameters (see review by Monti, 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of the α2-adrenoceptor antagonist idazoxan on sleep in normal volunteers

Wilson¹,

Glue²,

Nutt³

1991

J Psychopharmacol

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The effects of idazoxan, a novel antidepressant that is a potent and selective α(2)-adrenoceptor antagonist, were studied on sleep. Twelve normal male volunteers had sleep recordings made using the Oxford ambulatory system (Medilog 9000) with subsequent analysis by automatic sleep staging and visual inspection. Idazoxan was given in a dose of 40 mg three times a day for 21 days. Sleep recording on day 3 demonstrated markedly reduced indices of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, although other sleep parameters were only minimally affected. The effect on REM persisted unchanged at day 18, however on the second day after withdrawal a rebound in REM measures was observed. These data show that idazoxan has an effect on sleep which is very similar to that of other antidepressants, and emphasize a role for noradrenaline in the regulation of REM sleep.

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“…Davis and Hartmann (1973) recorded subjects electrophysiologically and found no significant difference in total sleep time and sleep onset latency between the means of three placebo and three treatment nights. In a later experiment, comparing the EEG recordings of subjects on placebo for 28 days with a preceding baseline period, Hartmann and Cravens (1973) believed they had found a rather tenuous connection between placebo administration and an increased amount of REM sleep which continued into early withdrawal from placebo. The present study differs from those mentioned above in that our subjects were told that the inert pill would have a beneficial effect on their sleep and hence more specifically investigated the power of suggestion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subjective ratings of sleep quality and anxiety after placebo, drug and a food drink

Adám

Adamson

Oswald

1976

Postgraduate Medical Journal

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SummaryTen subjects (mean age 57 years) took part in a crossover study between a food drink and nitrazepam 5 mg. They rated their anxiety and sleep quality. On half the sleep laboratory nights during baseline periods subjects were given an inert pill which they were told would improve sleep. A comparison was made between the six pill and six non-pill nights for each subject. Subjective ratings revealed no significant difference attributable to the inert pill. Sleep quality was rated to have been improved during both late drug and early food drink admilistration. On early drug withdrawal sleep quality was rated worse than baseline. IntroductionThere have been very few studies of the effect of placebo on sleep, and yet this is an important consideration when a treatment is administered whose nature cannot be disguised, and with which subjects may associate an effect. In a study comparing placebo, flurazepam and no treatment, Kales et al. (1971) demonstrated no effect of placebo on sleep induction, maintenance, stages or on subjective assessment of sleep quality. Davis and Hartmann (1973) recorded subjects electrophysiologically and found no significant difference in total sleep time and sleep onset latency between the means of three placebo and three treatment nights. In a later experiment, comparing the EEG recordings of subjects on placebo for 28 days with a preceding baseline period, Hartmann and Cravens (1973) believed they had found a rather tenuous connection between placebo administration and an increased amount of REM sleep which continued into early withdrawal from placebo. The present study differs from those mentioned above in that our subjects were told that the inert pill would have a beneficial effect on their sleep and hence more specifically investigated the power of suggestion.

show abstract

The effects of long term administration of psychotropic drugs on human sleep: II. The effects of reserpine

Cited by 55 publications

References 57 publications

Acetylcholine: Possible Involvement in Sleep and Analgesia

Acetylcholine: Possible Involvement in Sleep and Analgesia

The effects of the α2-adrenoceptor antagonist idazoxan on sleep in normal volunteers

Subjective ratings of sleep quality and anxiety after placebo, drug and a food drink

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