The effects of material anisotropy on secondary processing of additively manufactured CoCrMo

Post-processing of additively manufactured metallic alloys – A review

“…• Very different grain size and shape distributions as well as strong preferred crystallographic orientation (texture) along the build direction would lead to anisotropic mechanical behaviour. This would, in turn, result in an anisotropic response during machining, depending on the material removal direction with respect to orientation of the densely distributed grains and the crystallographic texture on the cutting plane [46,[48][49][50][51]. This phenomenon is well depicted in the comparative investigation on the influence of sample orientation with respect to the milling configuration (i.e., cutting plane direction with respect to the crystallographic texture) [48].…”

Selective laser melting of high-strength, low-modulus Ti–35Nb–7Zr–5Ta alloy

“…The alloy exhibits an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 631 MPa, which is remarkably high considering its extremely low modulus. The elastic modulus, as determined by the ultrasonic technique, is ~81 GPa, which is far less than that of the existing and most of the competing biomaterials processed by SLM [34,[51][52][53][54]. Low elastic modulus for the SLM-TNZT alloy may be ascribed to (a) bcc crystal structure, (b) mild preferred orientation along the cube face {200} and (c) fine grain structure, all of them contributing to weak interatomic forces.…”

Machining of Additive Manufactured Metal Alloys

“…The degree of anisotropy induced by laser-PBF on samples of CoCrMo alloy was evaluated during slot milling in [14]: it was found that the machining force response was strongly influenced by the mechanical anisotropy of the as-built material, which, in turn, was proved to be driven by its microstructural morphology and crystallographic texture.…”