The effects of MoO3 treatment on inverted PBDTTT-C:PC71BM solar cells

Ho, Pei Yin; Sun, Jen-Yu; Kao, Shao‐Hsuan; Kao, C. R.; Lin, Shang-Hong; Lan, Shiang; Tseng, Wei-Hsuan; Wu, Chih-I; Lin, Chung-Wu

doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2013.07.048

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…It has been observed that the electronic properties of the surface of MoO 3 change strongly upon exposure to air, for example, the WF of MoO 3 shifts from 6.7 to 5.2 eV when MoO 3 is exposed to atmosphere. Similar results have been found for the other high WF metal oxides as well. , Further, the WF of TMOs, ,− for instance, MoO 3 processed with a sol–gel method and solution process, was characterized to be 5.3 eV . Rempel et al have shown that a gaseous hydrated complex of the type of MoO 3 / n H 2 O is formed when samples are exposed to moisture.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Similar results have been found for the other high WF metal oxides as well. 26,27 Further, the WF of TMOs, 26,28−30 for instance, MoO 3 processed with a sol−gel method and solution process, 31 was characterized to be 5.3 eV. 32 Rempel 33 et al have shown that a gaseous hydrated complex of the type of MoO 3 /nH 2 O is formed when samples are exposed to moisture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Moisture on the Energy-Level Alignment at the MoO₃/Organic Interfaces

Yin

Lewis

Andersson

2018

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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MoO 3 is widely used in polymer-based organic solar cells as an anode buffer layer because of its high workfunction and formation of a strong dipole at the MoO 3 /polymer interface facilitating charge transfer across the MoO 3 /polymer interface. In the present work, we show that exposure of the MoO 3 /polymer interface to moisture attracts water molecules to the interface via diffusion. Because of their own strong dipole, water molecules counter the dipole at the MoO 3 /polymer interface. As a consequence, the charge transfer across the MoO 3 /polymer will reduce and affect the charge transport across the interface. The outcome of this work thus suggests that it is critical to keep the MoO 3 /polymer interface moisture-free, which requires special precautions in device fabrications. The composition of the MoO 3 /P3HT:PC 61 BM interface is analyzed with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and the depth profiling technique, neutral impact collision ion scattering spectroscopy. The results show that the concentration of oxygen increases upon exposure but leaves the oxidation state of Mo unchanged. The valence electron spectroscopy technique shows that the dipole across the MoO 3 /P3HT:PC 61 BM interface decreases even for short-time exposure to atmosphere because of the diffusion of water molecules to the interface. The far-ranging consequences for organic electronic devices are discussed.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Moisture on the Energy-Level Alignment at the MoO₃/Organic Interfaces

Yin

Lewis

Andersson

2018

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…High work function (WF) transparent metal oxide materials, such as MoO 3 , V 2 O 5 , and WO 3 , are frequently used as an anode buffer layer in inverted organic solar cells (shown in Figure S1, Supporting Information). The aim is to align the energy level of the conduction band (CB) of MoO 3 with the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of the conducting polymers in the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) Given the high WF of pristine MoO 3 , which was reported as 6.7 eV, the alignment of the conduction band of MoO 3 and the HOMO of conducting polymers is generally considered as favorable for the charge transport across the interface …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dipole Formation at the MoO₃/Conjugated Polymer Interface

Yin

Sibley

Quinton

et al. 2018

Adv Funct Materials

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MoO 3 is known as high work function (WF) transparent metal oxides. It is used as anode buffer layer in organic based solar cells because of its capability to extract electrons and inject holes from the active layer due to its high WF. Here a broad range of techniques is used to determine the energy levels of the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) and MoO 3 to determine that the minimum deposition thickness to achieve a closed layer is 1 nm due to penetration of the evaporated MoO 3 into the BHJ. The investigation shows that upon evaporation of the MoO 3 , a strong dipole is formed at the extended interface between the active layer and the MoO 3 and that the strength of the dipole increases with increasing thickness of the MoO 3 layer and saturates at 2.2 eV at a thickness around 3 nm.

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“…The usual way to achieve a coating layer of MoO3 in solar cells is solutionprocessing or thermal evaporation [12]. Thermal evaporation shows a disadvantage for large scale production, that would be very expensive since requires special conditions while solution-processing is a low temperature procedure, which is important to avoid the active layer degradation [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile and low cost oxidative conversion of MoS2 in α-MoO3: Synthesis, characterization and application

Bortoti

Gavanski

Velazquez

et al. 2017

Journal of Solid State Chemistry

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This study describes a facile low cost route to synthesize the α-MoO3 through a conversion of the precursor MoS2 in oxidant media. The structure and morphology of the α-MoO3 were studied by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy. The results show that α-MoO3 was obtained with reduced size, high purity, strongly-preferred orientation and structural defects, which ensures versatility and multifunctionality to this sample. For the purpose of applications, α-MoO3 was successfully employed in inverted organic solar cells devices as a possible alternative to the PEDOT:PSS in the hole transportation layer.

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The effects of MoO3 treatment on inverted PBDTTT-C:PC71BM solar cells

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

Influence of Moisture on the Energy-Level Alignment at the MoO₃/Organic Interfaces

Influence of Moisture on the Energy-Level Alignment at the MoO₃/Organic Interfaces

Dipole Formation at the MoO₃/Conjugated Polymer Interface

Facile and low cost oxidative conversion of MoS2 in α-MoO3: Synthesis, characterization and application

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The effects of MoO3 treatment on inverted PBDTTT-C:PC71BM solar cells

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

Influence of Moisture on the Energy-Level Alignment at the MoO3/Organic Interfaces

Influence of Moisture on the Energy-Level Alignment at the MoO3/Organic Interfaces

Dipole Formation at the MoO3/Conjugated Polymer Interface

Facile and low cost oxidative conversion of MoS2 in α-MoO3: Synthesis, characterization and application

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Influence of Moisture on the Energy-Level Alignment at the MoO₃/Organic Interfaces

Influence of Moisture on the Energy-Level Alignment at the MoO₃/Organic Interfaces

Dipole Formation at the MoO₃/Conjugated Polymer Interface