“…Specifically, language skills, including phonological knowledge, morphological knowledge, vocabulary knowledge, and orthographic knowledge, are important word-level skills in the process of building surface structure ( Ehri, 2014 ; Quinn et al, 2015 ; Xie and Wu, 2019 ; Liu and Liu, 2020 ). In the textbase representation process, the language skill of syntactic knowledge is essential as it helps readers to group words, trace the logical and semantic relations among linguistic constituents, and build initial propositions ( So and Siegel, 1997 ; Cheung et al, 2007 ; Brimo et al, 2018 ; Simpson et al, 2020 ). In the situation model construction process, cognitive skills, such as comprehension monitoring and inference making, are necessary to detect internal and external inconsistences and draw inferences ( Cain et al, 2004 ; Connor et al, 2015 ; Oakhill et al, 2015 ; Wong et al, 2017 ).…”