The effects of mouth rinsing and gargling with mouthwash containing povidone-iodine and hydrogen peroxide on the cycle threshold value of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2: A randomized controlled trial of asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic patients

Abstract

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 can spread rapidly. Surgery in the oral cavity poses a high risk of transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The American Dental Association and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend the use of mouthwash containing 1.5% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or 0.2% povidone iodine (PI) to reduce the viral load in the upper respiratory tract and decrease the risk of transmission. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of mouth rinsing and gargling with mouthwash containing 1% PI, 0.5% PI, 3% H2O2, or 1.5% H2O2 and water on the cycle threshold (CT) value obtained by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Methods: This study is a randomized single blind controlled clinical trial which has been registered in the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) registry on the 3rd February 2022 (Registration number: ISRCTN18356379). In total, 69 subjects recruited from Persahabatan General Hospital who met the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups or the control group. The subjects were instructed to gargle with 15 mL of mouthwash for 30 s in the oral cavity followed by 30 s in the back of the throat, three times per day for 5 days. CT values were collected on postprocedural days 1, 3, and 5. Results: The results of the Friedman test significantly differed among the groups (n=15). The CT values increased from baseline (day 0) to postprocedural days 1, 3, and 5. Conclusions: Mouth rinsing and gargling with mouthwash containing 1% PI, 0.5% PI, 3% H2O2, or 1.5% H2O2 and water increased the CT value.

Efficacy of different mouthwashes against COVID-19: A systematic review and network meta-analysis

“…Out of these, three clinical studies were eligible for quantitative analysis [27] , [28] , [29] . The reasons for exclusion after full-text screening are reported in Table 3 [30] , [31] , [32] , [33] , [34] , [35] , [36] , [37] , [38] , [39] , [40] , [41] , [42] , [43] , [44] , [45] , [46] , [47] , [48] , [49] , [50] , [51] , [52] , [53] , [54] , [55] , [56] , [57] , [58] , [59] , [60] , [61] , [62] , [63] , [64] , [65] , [66] , [67] , [68] , [69] , [70] , [71] , [72] , [73] , [74] , [75] , [76] , [77] , [78] , [79] , [80] , [81] , [82] , [83] , [84] , [85] , [86] , [87] .…”

“… Off-topic 4 [32] , [35] , [45] , [49] 4. No longitudinal data on SARS-CoV-2 viral load in human oropharyngeal fluids and surrogates 11 [54] , [56] , [57] , [58] , [66] , [67] , [68] , [70] , [80] , [83] , [87] 5. Investigation/use of viruses or pseudoviruses different from SARS-CoV-2 5 [50] , [51] , [52] , [77] , [81] 6.…”

Neglected Effective Early Therapies against COVID-19: Focus on Functional Foods and Related Active Substances. A Review

“…Figure 8 shows all the povidone-iodine RCTs in COVID-19, studying several other outcomes in addition to mortality (hospitalization, recovery, viral positivity, viral load, symptomatic cases, both in early and in late treatments): Figure 8. Random effects meta-analysis for all RCTs about povidone-iodine in COVID-19 [100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117]. This plot shows pooled effects, see the specific outcome analyses for individual outcomes, and the heterogeneity section [21] for discussion.…”