The effects of N-acetylcysteine administration on metabolic status and serum adiponectin levels in patients with metabolic syndrome: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Panahi, Yunes; Ostadmohammadi, Vahidreza; Raygan, Fariba; Sharif, Mohammad Reza; Sahebkar, Amirhossein

doi:10.1016/j.jff.2022.105299

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Following intake of NAC in humans, various effects on glycemic markers and level of lipid profile have been documented. In line with our results, an RCT study reported that receiving 1800 mg of NAC for 12 weeks significantly reduced all glycemic factors, including fasting glucose and insulin, as well as improved insulin resistance ( 33 ). However, it did not report a significant effect on lipid profile.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effects of N-acetylcysteine on aging cell and obesity complications in obese adults: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial

Sohouli,

Eslamian,

Malekpour Alamdari

et al. 2023

Front. Nutr.

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BackgroundWe decided to conduct this study with the aim of investigating the effects of N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) on obesity complications and senescence of visceral adipose tissue in obese adults.Methods and analysisThe present study was conducted as a randomized clinical trial (RCT) (Clinical trial registry number: IRCT20220727055563N1) on 40 obese adults candidates for bariatric surgery, who were randomly assigned to receive 600 mg of NAC (n = 20) or placebo as a control (n = 20) for 4 weeks. During bariatric surgery, visceral adipose tissue was used to examine gene expression and senescence cells using SA-β-gal.ResultsOur findings showed that intervention with NAC significantly reduces SA-β-gal activity (as a marker of senescence) and expression of p16 and interleukin 6 (IL-6) genes in the visceral adipose tissue compared to placebo in obese adults for 4 weeks. In addition, our findings showed the potential and beneficial effect of NAC administration on reducing the levels of inflammatory factors including IL-6 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), as well as the level of fasting blood sugar (FBS), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and insulin compared to placebo after adjusting for confounders. No significant effect was indicated on anthropometric factors and lipid profile.ConclusionFindings showed that NAC, in addition to having a potential beneficial effect on reducing some of the complications caused by obesity, seems to have synolytic/senomorphic potential as well.Clinical trial registration[https://clinicaltrials.gov/], identifier [IRCT20220727055563N1].

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effects of N-acetylcysteine on aging cell and obesity complications in obese adults: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial

Sohouli,

Eslamian,

Malekpour Alamdari

et al. 2023

Front. Nutr.

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“…Suppressing the synthesis of ET-1 [6] N-acetylcysteine Allium plant [87] ↑ Endogenous concentrations of total glutathione Scavenging free radicals Suppressing ROS generation [95] ↑ Intracellular cysteine levels…”

Section: Up-regulation Of Enos Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Replenishing systemic pools of (LMW) thiols and reduced protein sulfhydryl groups, which are implicated in the regulation of the redox stats [96] ↓ CRP [97] Blocking NF-κB Inhibition of the release of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF [96] ↓ Gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines [33] ↓ TG ↑ HDL [97] ↓ Cholesterol ↓ LDL ↓ VLDL Preventing lipid accumulation in BAT [96] ↑ Insulin secretion [96] ↓ Blood glucose ↓ Insulin resistance [95] ↓ Blood pressure [87] ↑ NO [97] Stabilizing the production of atherosclerotic plaque [96] NADPH oxidase (NOX), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), reactive oxygen species (ROS), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), endothelial NOS (eNOS), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPAR-α), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1(VCAM-1), glutathione (GSH), xanthine oxidase (XO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) glutathione reductase (GR), thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), catalase (CAT), triglyceride lipase (TGL), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), malondialdehyde (MDA), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), free fatty acids (FFA), white adipose tissue (WAT), brown adipose tissue (BAT), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), endothelin 1 (ET-1), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glucose transporters (GLUTs), body mass index (BMI), ↑: increase, ↓: decrease.…”

Section: Up-regulation Of Enos Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Antioxidant Supplementation on the Pathologic Mechanisms of Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease Development

Sharebiani,

Mokaram,

Mirghani

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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In people with obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, lipid and glucose metabolism and oxidative stress generation interact. This condition, known as a “metabolic syndrome” (MetS), presents a global challenge and appears to be the underlying mechanism for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This review is designed based on evidence indicating the pathogenic mechanisms of MetS. In detail, we will look at the mechanisms of oxidative stress induction in MetS, the effects of elevated oxidative stress levels on the condition’s pathophysiology, and matters related to endothelial function. According to different components of the MetS pathophysiological network, the effects of antioxidants and endothelial dysfunction are reviewed. After considering the strategic role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of MetS and its associated CVDs, oxidative stress management by antioxidant supplementation seems an appropriate therapeutic approach.

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“…In support of the importance of a personalized AOX administration, it was reported that in non-obese, non-diabetic PCOS patients, NAC improved insulin sensitivity when given at 1.8 gr/day [100,101,129], whereas a higher dose (3 gr/day) and a longer time of treatment were required in obese patients [101]. In addition, it was recently reported that NAC at a dose of 1.8 gr/day improved insulin sensitivity in non-diabetic MetS patients [130]. Thus, by increasing the NAC dose to 1.8 gr/day, insulin sensitivity appears to be significantly improved in non-diabetic individuals.…”

Section: Sub-optimal Dosing Of Aox As a Cause Of Failure?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox Balance in Type 2 Diabetes: Therapeutic Potential and the Challenge of Antioxidant-Based Therapy

Argaev-Frenkel

Rosenzweig

2023

Antioxidants

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Oxidative stress is an important factor in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and associated complications. Unfortunately, most clinical studies have failed to provide sufficient evidence regarding the benefits of antioxidants (AOXs) in treating this disease. Based on the known complexity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) functions in both the physiology and pathophysiology of glucose homeostasis, it is suggested that inappropriate dosing leads to the failure of AOXs in T2D treatment. To support this hypothesis, the role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of T2D is described, together with a summary of the evidence for the failure of AOXs in the management of diabetes. A comparison of preclinical and clinical studies indicates that suboptimal dosing of AOXs might explain the lack of benefits of AOXs. Conversely, the possibility that glycemic control might be adversely affected by excess AOXs is also considered, based on the role of ROS in insulin signaling. We suggest that AOX therapy should be given in a personalized manner according to the need, which is the presence and severity of oxidative stress. With the development of gold-standard biomarkers for oxidative stress, optimization of AOX therapy may be achieved to maximize the therapeutic potential of these agents.

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The effects of N-acetylcysteine administration on metabolic status and serum adiponectin levels in patients with metabolic syndrome: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Cited by 5 publications

References 51 publications

Effects of N-acetylcysteine on aging cell and obesity complications in obese adults: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial

Effects of N-acetylcysteine on aging cell and obesity complications in obese adults: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial

The Effects of Antioxidant Supplementation on the Pathologic Mechanisms of Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease Development

Redox Balance in Type 2 Diabetes: Therapeutic Potential and the Challenge of Antioxidant-Based Therapy

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